A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931–2014
Background: Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that was first isolated and characterized in 1931 in Kenya. RVF outbreaks have resulted in significant losses through human illness and deaths, high livestock abortions and deaths. This report provides an overview on epidemiology...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2015-07-01
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| Series: | Infection Ecology & Epidemiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.infectionecologyandepidemiology.net/index.php/iee/article/view/28024/pdf_18 |
| _version_ | 1817970262588522496 |
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| author | Mark O. Nanyingi Peninah Munyua Stephen G. Kiama Gerald M. Muchemi Samuel M. Thumbi Austine O. Bitek Bernard Bett Reese M. Muriithi M. Kariuki Njenga |
| author_facet | Mark O. Nanyingi Peninah Munyua Stephen G. Kiama Gerald M. Muchemi Samuel M. Thumbi Austine O. Bitek Bernard Bett Reese M. Muriithi M. Kariuki Njenga |
| author_sort | Mark O. Nanyingi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that was first isolated and characterized in 1931 in Kenya. RVF outbreaks have resulted in significant losses through human illness and deaths, high livestock abortions and deaths. This report provides an overview on epidemiology of RVF including ecology, molecular diversity spatiotemporal analysis, and predictive risk modeling. Methodology: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we systematically searched for relevant RVF publications in repositories of the World Health Organization Library and Information Networks for Knowledge (WHOLIS), U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Detailed searches were performed in Google Scholar, SpringerLink, and PubMed databases and included conference proceedings and books published from 1931 up to 31st January 2015. Results and discussion: A total of 84 studies were included in this review; majority (50%) reported on common human and animal risk factors that included consumption of animal products, contact with infected animals and residing in low altitude areas associated with favorable climatic and ecological conditions for vector emergence. A total of 14 (16%) of the publications described RVF progressive spatial and temporal distribution and the use of risk modeling for timely prediction of imminent outbreaks. Using distribution maps, we illustrated the gradual spread and geographical extent of disease; we also estimated the disease burden using aggregate human mortalities and cumulative outbreak periods for endemic regions. Conclusion: This review outlines common risk factors for RVF infections over wider geographical areas; it also emphasizes the role of spatial models in predicting RVF enzootics. It, therefore, explains RVF epidemiological status that may be used for design of targeted surveillance and control programs in endemic countries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:31:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c94cb4ab8c3b4f5fb08b9bb0c49a3bf4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2000-8686 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:31:35Z |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infection Ecology & Epidemiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c94cb4ab8c3b4f5fb08b9bb0c49a3bf42022-12-22T02:31:10ZengTaylor & Francis GroupInfection Ecology & Epidemiology2000-86862015-07-015011210.3402/iee.v5.2802428024A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931–2014Mark O. Nanyingi0Peninah Munyua1Stephen G. Kiama2Gerald M. Muchemi3Samuel M. Thumbi4Austine O. Bitek5Bernard Bett6Reese M. Muriithi7M. Kariuki Njenga8 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya Zoonotic Disease Unit, Nairobi, Kenya International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya Directorate of Veterinary Service, Nairobi, Kenya Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, KenyaBackground: Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that was first isolated and characterized in 1931 in Kenya. RVF outbreaks have resulted in significant losses through human illness and deaths, high livestock abortions and deaths. This report provides an overview on epidemiology of RVF including ecology, molecular diversity spatiotemporal analysis, and predictive risk modeling. Methodology: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we systematically searched for relevant RVF publications in repositories of the World Health Organization Library and Information Networks for Knowledge (WHOLIS), U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Detailed searches were performed in Google Scholar, SpringerLink, and PubMed databases and included conference proceedings and books published from 1931 up to 31st January 2015. Results and discussion: A total of 84 studies were included in this review; majority (50%) reported on common human and animal risk factors that included consumption of animal products, contact with infected animals and residing in low altitude areas associated with favorable climatic and ecological conditions for vector emergence. A total of 14 (16%) of the publications described RVF progressive spatial and temporal distribution and the use of risk modeling for timely prediction of imminent outbreaks. Using distribution maps, we illustrated the gradual spread and geographical extent of disease; we also estimated the disease burden using aggregate human mortalities and cumulative outbreak periods for endemic regions. Conclusion: This review outlines common risk factors for RVF infections over wider geographical areas; it also emphasizes the role of spatial models in predicting RVF enzootics. It, therefore, explains RVF epidemiological status that may be used for design of targeted surveillance and control programs in endemic countries.http://www.infectionecologyandepidemiology.net/index.php/iee/article/view/28024/pdf_18Rift Valley Feverspatiotemporalmodelingepidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Mark O. Nanyingi Peninah Munyua Stephen G. Kiama Gerald M. Muchemi Samuel M. Thumbi Austine O. Bitek Bernard Bett Reese M. Muriithi M. Kariuki Njenga A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931–2014 Infection Ecology & Epidemiology Rift Valley Fever spatiotemporal modeling epidemiology |
| title | A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931–2014 |
| title_full | A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931–2014 |
| title_fullStr | A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931–2014 |
| title_full_unstemmed | A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931–2014 |
| title_short | A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931–2014 |
| title_sort | systematic review of rift valley fever epidemiology 1931 2014 |
| topic | Rift Valley Fever spatiotemporal modeling epidemiology |
| url | http://www.infectionecologyandepidemiology.net/index.php/iee/article/view/28024/pdf_18 |
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