High-Efficiency Conversion of Bread Residues to Ethanol and Edible Biomass Using Filamentous Fungi at High Solids Loading: A Biorefinery Approach
Bread residues represent a significant fraction of retail food wastes, becoming a severe environmental challenge and an economic loss for the food sector. They are, however, an attractive resource for bioconversion into value-added products. In this study, the edible filamentous fungi <i>Neuro...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/13/6405 |
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| author | Joanna Kawa-Rygielska Witold Pietrzak Patrik R. Lennartsson |
| author_facet | Joanna Kawa-Rygielska Witold Pietrzak Patrik R. Lennartsson |
| author_sort | Joanna Kawa-Rygielska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bread residues represent a significant fraction of retail food wastes, becoming a severe environmental challenge and an economic loss for the food sector. They are, however, an attractive resource for bioconversion into value-added products. In this study, the edible filamentous fungi <i>Neurospora intermedia</i> and <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> were employed for the production of bioethanol and high-protein biomass by cultivation on enzymatically liquefied bread-waste medium at 150 g/L solids. The fermentation of hydrolysate by <i>N. intermedia</i> resulted in the ethanol titer of 32.2 g/L and biomass yield of 19.2 g/L with ca. 45% protein. However, the fermentation ended with a considerable amount of residual fermentable sugars; therefore, the liquid medium after the first fermentation was distilled and fermented again by two fungal strains (<i>N. intermedia</i> and <i>A. oryzae</i>). The fermentations resulted in the production of additional ethanol and biomass. <i>A. oryzae</i> showed better performance in the production of biomass, while the other strain yielded more ethanol. The final products’ yield ranged 0.29–0.32 g EtOH/g and 0.20–0.22 g biomass/g bread waste depending on the strain used in the second fermentation. The study shows that valorization of bread residuals by fungi is a promising option for the production of biofuels and foodstuff within the circular bioeconomy approach. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:08:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c95dcc40a15842849a23aa1213da0465 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:08:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c95dcc40a15842849a23aa1213da04652023-11-23T19:36:02ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-06-011213640510.3390/app12136405High-Efficiency Conversion of Bread Residues to Ethanol and Edible Biomass Using Filamentous Fungi at High Solids Loading: A Biorefinery ApproachJoanna Kawa-Rygielska0Witold Pietrzak1Patrik R. Lennartsson2Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, PolandSwedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, SwedenBread residues represent a significant fraction of retail food wastes, becoming a severe environmental challenge and an economic loss for the food sector. They are, however, an attractive resource for bioconversion into value-added products. In this study, the edible filamentous fungi <i>Neurospora intermedia</i> and <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> were employed for the production of bioethanol and high-protein biomass by cultivation on enzymatically liquefied bread-waste medium at 150 g/L solids. The fermentation of hydrolysate by <i>N. intermedia</i> resulted in the ethanol titer of 32.2 g/L and biomass yield of 19.2 g/L with ca. 45% protein. However, the fermentation ended with a considerable amount of residual fermentable sugars; therefore, the liquid medium after the first fermentation was distilled and fermented again by two fungal strains (<i>N. intermedia</i> and <i>A. oryzae</i>). The fermentations resulted in the production of additional ethanol and biomass. <i>A. oryzae</i> showed better performance in the production of biomass, while the other strain yielded more ethanol. The final products’ yield ranged 0.29–0.32 g EtOH/g and 0.20–0.22 g biomass/g bread waste depending on the strain used in the second fermentation. The study shows that valorization of bread residuals by fungi is a promising option for the production of biofuels and foodstuff within the circular bioeconomy approach.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/13/6405bread residualsethanol productionedible biomassfilamentous fungi<i>Aspergillus oryzae</i><i>Neurospora intermedia</i> |
| spellingShingle | Joanna Kawa-Rygielska Witold Pietrzak Patrik R. Lennartsson High-Efficiency Conversion of Bread Residues to Ethanol and Edible Biomass Using Filamentous Fungi at High Solids Loading: A Biorefinery Approach Applied Sciences bread residuals ethanol production edible biomass filamentous fungi <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> <i>Neurospora intermedia</i> |
| title | High-Efficiency Conversion of Bread Residues to Ethanol and Edible Biomass Using Filamentous Fungi at High Solids Loading: A Biorefinery Approach |
| title_full | High-Efficiency Conversion of Bread Residues to Ethanol and Edible Biomass Using Filamentous Fungi at High Solids Loading: A Biorefinery Approach |
| title_fullStr | High-Efficiency Conversion of Bread Residues to Ethanol and Edible Biomass Using Filamentous Fungi at High Solids Loading: A Biorefinery Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Efficiency Conversion of Bread Residues to Ethanol and Edible Biomass Using Filamentous Fungi at High Solids Loading: A Biorefinery Approach |
| title_short | High-Efficiency Conversion of Bread Residues to Ethanol and Edible Biomass Using Filamentous Fungi at High Solids Loading: A Biorefinery Approach |
| title_sort | high efficiency conversion of bread residues to ethanol and edible biomass using filamentous fungi at high solids loading a biorefinery approach |
| topic | bread residuals ethanol production edible biomass filamentous fungi <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> <i>Neurospora intermedia</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/13/6405 |
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