Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?
ABSTRACT Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic activity and their role in innate immune responses. Macrophages eat non-self particles, via a variety of mechanisms, and typically break down internalized cargo into small macromolecules. However, some pathogenic agents have the ability to eva...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Society for Microbiology
2019-12-01
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| Series: | mBio |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02526-19 |
| _version_ | 1818740280624414720 |
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| author | Melissa Cruz-Acuña Noah Pacifici Jamal S. Lewis |
| author_facet | Melissa Cruz-Acuña Noah Pacifici Jamal S. Lewis |
| author_sort | Melissa Cruz-Acuña |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic activity and their role in innate immune responses. Macrophages eat non-self particles, via a variety of mechanisms, and typically break down internalized cargo into small macromolecules. However, some pathogenic agents have the ability to evade this endosomal degradation through a nonlytic exocytosis process termed vomocytosis. This phenomenon has been most often studied for Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast that causes roughly 180,000 deaths per year, primarily in immunocompromised (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) patients. Existing dogma purports that vomocytosis involves distinctive cellular pathways and intracellular physicochemical cues in the host cell during phagosomal maturation. Moreover, it has been observed that the immunological state of the individual and macrophage phenotype affect vomocytosis outcomes. Here we compile the current knowledge on the factors (with respect to the phagocytic cell) that promote vomocytosis of C. neoformans from macrophages. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:38:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c95e966711ad49719169c56f291b093e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2150-7511 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:38:13Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | mBio |
| spelling | doaj.art-c95e966711ad49719169c56f291b093e2022-12-21T21:25:24ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymBio2150-75112019-12-0110610.1128/mBio.02526-19Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?Melissa Cruz-Acuña0Noah Pacifici1Jamal S. Lewis2Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USAABSTRACT Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic activity and their role in innate immune responses. Macrophages eat non-self particles, via a variety of mechanisms, and typically break down internalized cargo into small macromolecules. However, some pathogenic agents have the ability to evade this endosomal degradation through a nonlytic exocytosis process termed vomocytosis. This phenomenon has been most often studied for Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast that causes roughly 180,000 deaths per year, primarily in immunocompromised (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) patients. Existing dogma purports that vomocytosis involves distinctive cellular pathways and intracellular physicochemical cues in the host cell during phagosomal maturation. Moreover, it has been observed that the immunological state of the individual and macrophage phenotype affect vomocytosis outcomes. Here we compile the current knowledge on the factors (with respect to the phagocytic cell) that promote vomocytosis of C. neoformans from macrophages.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02526-19vomocytosismacrophagepHphagosomenonlytic exocytosisCryptococcus neoformans |
| spellingShingle | Melissa Cruz-Acuña Noah Pacifici Jamal S. Lewis Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium? mBio vomocytosis macrophage pH phagosome nonlytic exocytosis Cryptococcus neoformans |
| title | Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium? |
| title_full | Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium? |
| title_fullStr | Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium? |
| title_short | Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium? |
| title_sort | vomocytosis too much booze base or calcium |
| topic | vomocytosis macrophage pH phagosome nonlytic exocytosis Cryptococcus neoformans |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02526-19 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT melissacruzacuna vomocytosistoomuchboozebaseorcalcium AT noahpacifici vomocytosistoomuchboozebaseorcalcium AT jamalslewis vomocytosistoomuchboozebaseorcalcium |