Croatian Combat Athletes’ Attribution Patterns for Their Successes and Failures
Successes and failures are integral outcomes to the sport experience. Based on decades of research, how athletes process both outcomes influence their thoughts, emotions, and subsequent achievement endeavors. Attribution theory details three dimensions as to the causes of success and failure. Since...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Youth |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-995X/3/1/25 |
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| author | Rebeka Prosoli Margareta Jelić Renata Barić Cassandra Sisneros Marc Lochbaum |
| author_facet | Rebeka Prosoli Margareta Jelić Renata Barić Cassandra Sisneros Marc Lochbaum |
| author_sort | Rebeka Prosoli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Successes and failures are integral outcomes to the sport experience. Based on decades of research, how athletes process both outcomes influence their thoughts, emotions, and subsequent achievement endeavors. Attribution theory details three dimensions as to the causes of success and failure. Since the 1980s, attribution theory has found a home in sport psychology literature. However, research across countries requires valid and reliable questionnaires. One such country is Croatia where attribution research is scant. Thus, in a Croatian combat athlete sample, we examined athletes’ attributions for the most and least successful performances via retrospection. Croatian athletes (<i>N</i> = 154) from three combat sports (judo, karate, and taekwondo) who all competed at least once on an international stage completed the Croatian Causal Dimension Scale-II, answered in reference to a specific reason for their best and worst competitive experience. Results showed that the combat sport athletes attributed their most and least successful competitive achievement to psychological reasons more than other reasons (i.e., general preparation and physical preparation). Furthermore, based on a series of two-tailed paired samples <i>t</i>-tests and the nonparametric equivalent, Wilcoxon signed rank test, the participants made, from small to medium in meaningfulness (Cohen’s d), more internal (d = 0.30), stable (d = 0.56), personal (d = 0.30), and external (d = 0.21) controllable attributions for success than for failure (all <i>t</i>-test <i>p</i>-values < 0.01). Our results suggest the athletes made the self-serving attribution bias across both the success and failure competitive events. Our results contribute to better understanding of specific reasons for success and failure and the attribution dimensions explaining the competitive outcomes in competitive combat sport. Specific to Croatian sport, our results provide Croatian combat sport with theory driven research applicable to improving development of Croatian combat athletes on the international stage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:45:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9692376ce35424ba89f61e18a0d354b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-995X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:45:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Youth |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9692376ce35424ba89f61e18a0d354b2023-11-17T14:29:42ZengMDPI AGYouth2673-995X2023-03-013138139110.3390/youth3010025Croatian Combat Athletes’ Attribution Patterns for Their Successes and FailuresRebeka Prosoli0Margareta Jelić1Renata Barić2Cassandra Sisneros3Marc Lochbaum4Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaCenter for Transformative Undergraduate Experiences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USASuccesses and failures are integral outcomes to the sport experience. Based on decades of research, how athletes process both outcomes influence their thoughts, emotions, and subsequent achievement endeavors. Attribution theory details three dimensions as to the causes of success and failure. Since the 1980s, attribution theory has found a home in sport psychology literature. However, research across countries requires valid and reliable questionnaires. One such country is Croatia where attribution research is scant. Thus, in a Croatian combat athlete sample, we examined athletes’ attributions for the most and least successful performances via retrospection. Croatian athletes (<i>N</i> = 154) from three combat sports (judo, karate, and taekwondo) who all competed at least once on an international stage completed the Croatian Causal Dimension Scale-II, answered in reference to a specific reason for their best and worst competitive experience. Results showed that the combat sport athletes attributed their most and least successful competitive achievement to psychological reasons more than other reasons (i.e., general preparation and physical preparation). Furthermore, based on a series of two-tailed paired samples <i>t</i>-tests and the nonparametric equivalent, Wilcoxon signed rank test, the participants made, from small to medium in meaningfulness (Cohen’s d), more internal (d = 0.30), stable (d = 0.56), personal (d = 0.30), and external (d = 0.21) controllable attributions for success than for failure (all <i>t</i>-test <i>p</i>-values < 0.01). Our results suggest the athletes made the self-serving attribution bias across both the success and failure competitive events. Our results contribute to better understanding of specific reasons for success and failure and the attribution dimensions explaining the competitive outcomes in competitive combat sport. Specific to Croatian sport, our results provide Croatian combat sport with theory driven research applicable to improving development of Croatian combat athletes on the international stage.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-995X/3/1/25Causal Dimension Scale-IIachievement motivationsport psychologycombat sportscompetition reflections |
| spellingShingle | Rebeka Prosoli Margareta Jelić Renata Barić Cassandra Sisneros Marc Lochbaum Croatian Combat Athletes’ Attribution Patterns for Their Successes and Failures Youth Causal Dimension Scale-II achievement motivation sport psychology combat sports competition reflections |
| title | Croatian Combat Athletes’ Attribution Patterns for Their Successes and Failures |
| title_full | Croatian Combat Athletes’ Attribution Patterns for Their Successes and Failures |
| title_fullStr | Croatian Combat Athletes’ Attribution Patterns for Their Successes and Failures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Croatian Combat Athletes’ Attribution Patterns for Their Successes and Failures |
| title_short | Croatian Combat Athletes’ Attribution Patterns for Their Successes and Failures |
| title_sort | croatian combat athletes attribution patterns for their successes and failures |
| topic | Causal Dimension Scale-II achievement motivation sport psychology combat sports competition reflections |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-995X/3/1/25 |
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