Accelerated Structural Evolution of Galaxies in a Starbursting Cluster at z = 2.51
Structural properties of cluster galaxies during their peak formation epoch, z ∼ 2–4 provide key information on whether and how the environment affects galaxy formation and evolution. Based on deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging toward the z = 2.51 cluster, J1001, we...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acdb5a |
| _version_ | 1827829613811728384 |
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| author | Can Xu Tao Wang Qiusheng Gu Anita Zanella Ke Xu Hanwen Sun Veronica Strazzullo Francesco Valentino Raphael Gobat Emanuele Daddi David Elbaz Mengyuan Xiao Shiying Lu Luwenjia Zhou |
| author_facet | Can Xu Tao Wang Qiusheng Gu Anita Zanella Ke Xu Hanwen Sun Veronica Strazzullo Francesco Valentino Raphael Gobat Emanuele Daddi David Elbaz Mengyuan Xiao Shiying Lu Luwenjia Zhou |
| author_sort | Can Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Structural properties of cluster galaxies during their peak formation epoch, z ∼ 2–4 provide key information on whether and how the environment affects galaxy formation and evolution. Based on deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging toward the z = 2.51 cluster, J1001, we explore environmental effects on the structure, color gradients, and stellar populations of a statistical sample of cluster star-forming galaxies (SFGs). We find that the cluster SFGs are on average smaller than their field counterparts. This difference is most pronounced at the high-mass end ( M _⋆ > 10 ^10.5 M _⊙ ), with nearly all of them lying below the mass–size relation of field galaxies. The high-mass cluster SFGs are also generally old, with a steep negative color gradient, indicating an early formation time likely associated with strong dissipative collapse. For low-mass cluster SFGs, we unveil a population of compact galaxies with steep positive color gradients that are not seen in the field. This suggests that the low-mass compact cluster SFGs may have already experienced strong environmental effects, e.g., tidal/ram pressure stripping, in this young cluster. These results provide evidence on the environmental effects at work in the earliest formed clusters with different roles in the formation of low- and high-mass galaxies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:08:15Z |
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| id | doaj.art-c985578a08d444c3896e06dca10d354a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2041-8205 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:08:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-c985578a08d444c3896e06dca10d354a2023-09-03T11:14:08ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052023-01-019511L2110.3847/2041-8213/acdb5aAccelerated Structural Evolution of Galaxies in a Starbursting Cluster at z = 2.51Can Xu0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8437-6659Tao Wang1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-2421Qiusheng Gu2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3890-3729Anita Zanella3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8600-7008Ke Xu4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-984XHanwen Sun5https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0241-0213Veronica Strazzullo6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7975-2894Francesco Valentino7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6477-4011Raphael Gobat8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0121-6113Emanuele Daddi9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3331-9590David Elbaz10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-647XMengyuan Xiao11https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-5344Shiying Lu12https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5988-2202Luwenjia Zhou13https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1687-9665School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China ; taowang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of ChinaSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China ; taowang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of ChinaSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China ; taowang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of ChinaIstituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) , Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, ItalySchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China ; taowang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of ChinaSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China ; taowang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of ChinaINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste , Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy; IFPU—Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe , Via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, ItalyCosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Copenhagen, Denmark; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, DenmarkInstituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso , Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, ChileUniversité Paris-Saclay , Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceUniversité Paris-Saclay , Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Chemin Pegasi 51, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China ; taowang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of ChinaSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China ; taowang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of ChinaStructural properties of cluster galaxies during their peak formation epoch, z ∼ 2–4 provide key information on whether and how the environment affects galaxy formation and evolution. Based on deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging toward the z = 2.51 cluster, J1001, we explore environmental effects on the structure, color gradients, and stellar populations of a statistical sample of cluster star-forming galaxies (SFGs). We find that the cluster SFGs are on average smaller than their field counterparts. This difference is most pronounced at the high-mass end ( M _⋆ > 10 ^10.5 M _⊙ ), with nearly all of them lying below the mass–size relation of field galaxies. The high-mass cluster SFGs are also generally old, with a steep negative color gradient, indicating an early formation time likely associated with strong dissipative collapse. For low-mass cluster SFGs, we unveil a population of compact galaxies with steep positive color gradients that are not seen in the field. This suggests that the low-mass compact cluster SFGs may have already experienced strong environmental effects, e.g., tidal/ram pressure stripping, in this young cluster. These results provide evidence on the environmental effects at work in the earliest formed clusters with different roles in the formation of low- and high-mass galaxies.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acdb5aHigh-redshift galaxy clustersGalaxy structureGalaxy evolution |
| spellingShingle | Can Xu Tao Wang Qiusheng Gu Anita Zanella Ke Xu Hanwen Sun Veronica Strazzullo Francesco Valentino Raphael Gobat Emanuele Daddi David Elbaz Mengyuan Xiao Shiying Lu Luwenjia Zhou Accelerated Structural Evolution of Galaxies in a Starbursting Cluster at z = 2.51 The Astrophysical Journal Letters High-redshift galaxy clusters Galaxy structure Galaxy evolution |
| title | Accelerated Structural Evolution of Galaxies in a Starbursting Cluster at z = 2.51 |
| title_full | Accelerated Structural Evolution of Galaxies in a Starbursting Cluster at z = 2.51 |
| title_fullStr | Accelerated Structural Evolution of Galaxies in a Starbursting Cluster at z = 2.51 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Accelerated Structural Evolution of Galaxies in a Starbursting Cluster at z = 2.51 |
| title_short | Accelerated Structural Evolution of Galaxies in a Starbursting Cluster at z = 2.51 |
| title_sort | accelerated structural evolution of galaxies in a starbursting cluster at z 2 51 |
| topic | High-redshift galaxy clusters Galaxy structure Galaxy evolution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acdb5a |
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