Two-Qubit Bloch Sphere
Three unit spheres were used to represent the two-qubit pure states. The three spheres are named the base sphere, entanglement sphere, and fiber sphere. The base sphere and entanglement sphere represent the reduced density matrix of the base qubit and the non-local entanglement measure, concurrence,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8174/2/3/21 |
| _version_ | 1797560493837123584 |
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| author | Chu-Ryang Wie |
| author_facet | Chu-Ryang Wie |
| author_sort | Chu-Ryang Wie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Three unit spheres were used to represent the two-qubit pure states. The three spheres are named the base sphere, entanglement sphere, and fiber sphere. The base sphere and entanglement sphere represent the reduced density matrix of the base qubit and the non-local entanglement measure, concurrence, while the fiber sphere represents the fiber qubit via a simple rotation under a local single-qubit unitary operation; however, in an entangled bipartite state, the fiber sphere has no information on the reduced density matrix of the fiber qubit. When the bipartite state becomes separable, the base and fiber spheres seamlessly become the single-qubit Bloch spheres of each qubit. Since either qubit can be chosen as the base qubit, two alternative sets of these three spheres are available, where each set fully represents the bipartite pure state, and each set has information of the reduced density matrix of its base qubit. Comparing this model to the two Bloch balls representing the reduced density matrices of the two qubits, each Bloch ball corresponds to two unit spheres in our model, namely, the base and entanglement spheres. The concurrence–coherence complementarity is explicitly shown on the entanglement sphere via a single angle. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:01:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c985895ba854433b8de4ab0a2a75b833 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-8174 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:01:30Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c985895ba854433b8de4ab0a2a75b8332023-11-20T08:51:56ZengMDPI AGPhysics2624-81742020-08-012338339610.3390/physics2030021Two-Qubit Bloch SphereChu-Ryang Wie0Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 230B Davis Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USAThree unit spheres were used to represent the two-qubit pure states. The three spheres are named the base sphere, entanglement sphere, and fiber sphere. The base sphere and entanglement sphere represent the reduced density matrix of the base qubit and the non-local entanglement measure, concurrence, while the fiber sphere represents the fiber qubit via a simple rotation under a local single-qubit unitary operation; however, in an entangled bipartite state, the fiber sphere has no information on the reduced density matrix of the fiber qubit. When the bipartite state becomes separable, the base and fiber spheres seamlessly become the single-qubit Bloch spheres of each qubit. Since either qubit can be chosen as the base qubit, two alternative sets of these three spheres are available, where each set fully represents the bipartite pure state, and each set has information of the reduced density matrix of its base qubit. Comparing this model to the two Bloch balls representing the reduced density matrices of the two qubits, each Bloch ball corresponds to two unit spheres in our model, namely, the base and entanglement spheres. The concurrence–coherence complementarity is explicitly shown on the entanglement sphere via a single angle.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8174/2/3/21two-qubitBloch spherequantum circuitrotation operatorentanglementcoherence |
| spellingShingle | Chu-Ryang Wie Two-Qubit Bloch Sphere Physics two-qubit Bloch sphere quantum circuit rotation operator entanglement coherence |
| title | Two-Qubit Bloch Sphere |
| title_full | Two-Qubit Bloch Sphere |
| title_fullStr | Two-Qubit Bloch Sphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two-Qubit Bloch Sphere |
| title_short | Two-Qubit Bloch Sphere |
| title_sort | two qubit bloch sphere |
| topic | two-qubit Bloch sphere quantum circuit rotation operator entanglement coherence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8174/2/3/21 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT churyangwie twoqubitblochsphere |