Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a nucleotide that is most recognized for its role as an intermediate of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis. Although the biosynthetic pathway of NMN varies between eukaryote and prokaryote, two pathways are mainly followed in case of eukaryotic...
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MDPI AG
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/1/34 |
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| author | Saikat Kumar Poddar Ali Ehsan Sifat Sanjana Haque Noor Ahmed Nahid Sabiha Chowdhury Imtias Mehedi |
| author_facet | Saikat Kumar Poddar Ali Ehsan Sifat Sanjana Haque Noor Ahmed Nahid Sabiha Chowdhury Imtias Mehedi |
| author_sort | Saikat Kumar Poddar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a nucleotide that is most recognized for its role as an intermediate of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis. Although the biosynthetic pathway of NMN varies between eukaryote and prokaryote, two pathways are mainly followed in case of eukaryotic human—one is through the salvage pathway using nicotinamide while the other follows phosphorylation of nicotinamide riboside. Due to the unavailability of a suitable transporter, NMN enters inside the mammalian cell in the form of nicotinamide riboside followed by its subsequent conversion to NMN and NAD+. This particular molecule has demonstrated several beneficial pharmacological activities in preclinical studies, which suggest its potential therapeutic use. Mostly mediated by its involvement in NAD+ biosynthesis, the pharmacological activities of NMN include its role in cellular biochemical functions, cardioprotection, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and complications associated with obesity. The recent groundbreaking discovery of anti-ageing activities of this chemical moiety has added a valuable essence in the research involving this molecule. This review focuses on the biosynthesis of NMN in mammalian and prokaryotic cells and mechanism of absorption along with the reported pharmacological activities in murine model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T21:41:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9ad6f6e59104a6a9e3b9e3d6682f778 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T21:41:30Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9ad6f6e59104a6a9e3b9e3d6682f7782022-12-22T00:11:02ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2019-01-01913410.3390/biom9010034biom9010034Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential MoleculeSaikat Kumar Poddar0Ali Ehsan Sifat1Sanjana Haque2Noor Ahmed Nahid3Sabiha Chowdhury4Imtias Mehedi5Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshNicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a nucleotide that is most recognized for its role as an intermediate of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis. Although the biosynthetic pathway of NMN varies between eukaryote and prokaryote, two pathways are mainly followed in case of eukaryotic human—one is through the salvage pathway using nicotinamide while the other follows phosphorylation of nicotinamide riboside. Due to the unavailability of a suitable transporter, NMN enters inside the mammalian cell in the form of nicotinamide riboside followed by its subsequent conversion to NMN and NAD+. This particular molecule has demonstrated several beneficial pharmacological activities in preclinical studies, which suggest its potential therapeutic use. Mostly mediated by its involvement in NAD+ biosynthesis, the pharmacological activities of NMN include its role in cellular biochemical functions, cardioprotection, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and complications associated with obesity. The recent groundbreaking discovery of anti-ageing activities of this chemical moiety has added a valuable essence in the research involving this molecule. This review focuses on the biosynthesis of NMN in mammalian and prokaryotic cells and mechanism of absorption along with the reported pharmacological activities in murine model.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/1/34ageingAlzheimer’s diseasediabetesischemic preconditioningnicotinamide mononucleotideobesity |
| spellingShingle | Saikat Kumar Poddar Ali Ehsan Sifat Sanjana Haque Noor Ahmed Nahid Sabiha Chowdhury Imtias Mehedi Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule Biomolecules ageing Alzheimer’s disease diabetes ischemic preconditioning nicotinamide mononucleotide obesity |
| title | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule |
| title_full | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule |
| title_fullStr | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule |
| title_short | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule |
| title_sort | nicotinamide mononucleotide exploration of diverse therapeutic applications of a potential molecule |
| topic | ageing Alzheimer’s disease diabetes ischemic preconditioning nicotinamide mononucleotide obesity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/1/34 |
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