Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine
Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been shown to be carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and endocrine disruptive, so it is important to understand the levels of OPFRs in human body as well as the modes of external exposure. In this study, we investigated the levels of 13 OPFRs and 7 phosphodiester...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323012009 |
| _version_ | 1797435879694794752 |
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| author | Yantao Guo Mengqin Chen Mengxi Liao Shijun Su Weiyi Sun Zhiwei Gan |
| author_facet | Yantao Guo Mengqin Chen Mengxi Liao Shijun Su Weiyi Sun Zhiwei Gan |
| author_sort | Yantao Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been shown to be carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and endocrine disruptive, so it is important to understand the levels of OPFRs in human body as well as the modes of external exposure. In this study, we investigated the levels of 13 OPFRs and 7 phosphodiester metabolites in paired human blood and urine, as well as the influencing factors (region, age and gender), and studied the relationship between OPFRs and oxidative stress by urinary metabolites. We found that the concentrations of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) and tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) in the blood of urban populations were higher than those of rural populations, and that younger populations suffered higher TPhP and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) exposures than older populations. In addition, we found that tris-(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tributyl phosphate (TnBP), TPhP and EHDPP exposure induced oxidative stress. The results of the internal load principal component analysis indicated that dust ingestion, skin exposure, respiration and dietary intake may be the most important sources of TCEP, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP), tri(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and TEHP, respectively, and dust ingestion and skin exposure may be the main sources of TPhP for humans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:53:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9b600b21e5a47428d48c60075d9a608 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:53:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9b600b21e5a47428d48c60075d9a6082023-12-01T05:00:28ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132023-12-01268115696Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urineYantao Guo0Mengqin Chen1Mengxi Liao2Shijun Su3Weiyi Sun4Zhiwei Gan5College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaInstitute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China; Corresponding authors.College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Corresponding authors.Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been shown to be carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and endocrine disruptive, so it is important to understand the levels of OPFRs in human body as well as the modes of external exposure. In this study, we investigated the levels of 13 OPFRs and 7 phosphodiester metabolites in paired human blood and urine, as well as the influencing factors (region, age and gender), and studied the relationship between OPFRs and oxidative stress by urinary metabolites. We found that the concentrations of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) and tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) in the blood of urban populations were higher than those of rural populations, and that younger populations suffered higher TPhP and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) exposures than older populations. In addition, we found that tris-(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tributyl phosphate (TnBP), TPhP and EHDPP exposure induced oxidative stress. The results of the internal load principal component analysis indicated that dust ingestion, skin exposure, respiration and dietary intake may be the most important sources of TCEP, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP), tri(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and TEHP, respectively, and dust ingestion and skin exposure may be the main sources of TPhP for humans.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323012009Organophosphorus flame retardantsBloodUrinary metabolitesDemographic characteristicsOxidative stressHuman external exposure |
| spellingShingle | Yantao Guo Mengqin Chen Mengxi Liao Shijun Su Weiyi Sun Zhiwei Gan Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Organophosphorus flame retardants Blood Urinary metabolites Demographic characteristics Oxidative stress Human external exposure |
| title | Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine |
| title_full | Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine |
| title_fullStr | Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine |
| title_short | Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine |
| title_sort | organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine |
| topic | Organophosphorus flame retardants Blood Urinary metabolites Demographic characteristics Oxidative stress Human external exposure |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323012009 |
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