Dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae </it>in a rice growing area in South-Western Burkina Faso
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Insecticide resistance of the main malaria vector, <it>Anopheles gambiae</it>, has been reported in south-western Burkina Faso, West Africa. Cross-resistance to DDT and pyrethroids was conferred by alterations at site of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2008-09-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Online Access: | http://www.malariajournal.com/content/7/1/188 |
| _version_ | 1818386389533720576 |
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| author | Ouédraogo Jean-Bosco N'Guessan Raphaël Ouari Ali Djogbenou Luc Diabaté Abdoulaye Dabiré Kounbobr Hougard Jean-Marc Chandre Fabrice Baldet Thierry |
| author_facet | Ouédraogo Jean-Bosco N'Guessan Raphaël Ouari Ali Djogbenou Luc Diabaté Abdoulaye Dabiré Kounbobr Hougard Jean-Marc Chandre Fabrice Baldet Thierry |
| author_sort | Ouédraogo Jean-Bosco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Insecticide resistance of the main malaria vector, <it>Anopheles gambiae</it>, has been reported in south-western Burkina Faso, West Africa. Cross-resistance to DDT and pyrethroids was conferred by alterations at site of action in the sodium channel, the Leu-Phe <it>kdr </it>mutation; resistance to organophosphates and carbamates resulted from a single point mutation in the oxyanion hole of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme designed as <it>ace-1</it><sup><it>R</it></sup>.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An entomological survey was carried out during the rainy season of 2005 at Vallée du Kou, a rice growing area in south-western Burkina Faso. At the Vallée du Kou, both insecticide resistance mechanisms have been previously described in the M and S molecular forms of <it>An. gambiae</it>. This survey aimed i) to update the temporal dynamics and the circumsporozoite infection rate of the two molecular forms M and S of <it>An. gambiae </it>ii) to update the frequency of the Leu-Phe <it>kdr </it>mutation within these forms and finally iii) to investigate the occurrence of the <it>ace-1</it><sup><it>R </it></sup>mutation.</p> <p>Mosquitoes collected by indoor residual collection and by human landing catches were counted and morphologically identified. Species and molecular forms of <it>An. gambiae</it>, <it>ace-1</it><sup><it>R </it></sup>and Leu-Phe <it>kdr </it>mutations were determined using PCR techniques. The presence of the circumsporozoite protein of <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>was determined using ELISA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Anopheles gambiae </it>populations were dominated by the M form. However the S form occurred in relative important proportion towards the end of the rainy season with a maximum peak in October at 51%. Sporozoite rates were similar in both forms. The frequency of the Leu-Phe <it>kdr </it>mutation in the S form reached a fixation level while it is still spreading in the M form. Furthermore, the <it>ace</it>-<it>1</it><sup><it>R </it></sup>mutation prevailed predominately in the S form and has just started spreading in the M form. The two mutations occurred concomitantly both in M and S populations.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results showed that the Vallée du Kou, a rice growing area formerly occupied mainly by M susceptible populations, is progressively colonized by S resistant populations living in sympatry with the former. As a result, the distribution pattern of insecticide resistance mutations shows the occurrence of both resistance mechanisms concomitantly in the same populations. The impact of multiple resistance mechanisms in M and S populations of <it>An. gambiae </it>on vector control measures against malaria transmission, such as insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), in this area is discussed.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:53:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9b758a6fc7349b08176369bd9efcc18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:53:16Z |
| publishDate | 2008-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9b758a6fc7349b08176369bd9efcc182022-12-21T23:18:09ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752008-09-017118810.1186/1475-2875-7-188Dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae </it>in a rice growing area in South-Western Burkina FasoOuédraogo Jean-BoscoN'Guessan RaphaëlOuari AliDjogbenou LucDiabaté AbdoulayeDabiré KounbobrHougard Jean-MarcChandre FabriceBaldet Thierry<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Insecticide resistance of the main malaria vector, <it>Anopheles gambiae</it>, has been reported in south-western Burkina Faso, West Africa. Cross-resistance to DDT and pyrethroids was conferred by alterations at site of action in the sodium channel, the Leu-Phe <it>kdr </it>mutation; resistance to organophosphates and carbamates resulted from a single point mutation in the oxyanion hole of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme designed as <it>ace-1</it><sup><it>R</it></sup>.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An entomological survey was carried out during the rainy season of 2005 at Vallée du Kou, a rice growing area in south-western Burkina Faso. At the Vallée du Kou, both insecticide resistance mechanisms have been previously described in the M and S molecular forms of <it>An. gambiae</it>. This survey aimed i) to update the temporal dynamics and the circumsporozoite infection rate of the two molecular forms M and S of <it>An. gambiae </it>ii) to update the frequency of the Leu-Phe <it>kdr </it>mutation within these forms and finally iii) to investigate the occurrence of the <it>ace-1</it><sup><it>R </it></sup>mutation.</p> <p>Mosquitoes collected by indoor residual collection and by human landing catches were counted and morphologically identified. Species and molecular forms of <it>An. gambiae</it>, <it>ace-1</it><sup><it>R </it></sup>and Leu-Phe <it>kdr </it>mutations were determined using PCR techniques. The presence of the circumsporozoite protein of <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>was determined using ELISA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Anopheles gambiae </it>populations were dominated by the M form. However the S form occurred in relative important proportion towards the end of the rainy season with a maximum peak in October at 51%. Sporozoite rates were similar in both forms. The frequency of the Leu-Phe <it>kdr </it>mutation in the S form reached a fixation level while it is still spreading in the M form. Furthermore, the <it>ace</it>-<it>1</it><sup><it>R </it></sup>mutation prevailed predominately in the S form and has just started spreading in the M form. The two mutations occurred concomitantly both in M and S populations.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results showed that the Vallée du Kou, a rice growing area formerly occupied mainly by M susceptible populations, is progressively colonized by S resistant populations living in sympatry with the former. As a result, the distribution pattern of insecticide resistance mutations shows the occurrence of both resistance mechanisms concomitantly in the same populations. The impact of multiple resistance mechanisms in M and S populations of <it>An. gambiae </it>on vector control measures against malaria transmission, such as insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), in this area is discussed.</p>http://www.malariajournal.com/content/7/1/188 |
| spellingShingle | Ouédraogo Jean-Bosco N'Guessan Raphaël Ouari Ali Djogbenou Luc Diabaté Abdoulaye Dabiré Kounbobr Hougard Jean-Marc Chandre Fabrice Baldet Thierry Dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae </it>in a rice growing area in South-Western Burkina Faso Malaria Journal |
| title | Dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae </it>in a rice growing area in South-Western Burkina Faso |
| title_full | Dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae </it>in a rice growing area in South-Western Burkina Faso |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae </it>in a rice growing area in South-Western Burkina Faso |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae </it>in a rice growing area in South-Western Burkina Faso |
| title_short | Dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae </it>in a rice growing area in South-Western Burkina Faso |
| title_sort | dynamics of multiple insecticide resistance in the malaria vector it anopheles gambiae it in a rice growing area in south western burkina faso |
| url | http://www.malariajournal.com/content/7/1/188 |
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