Stepped Coastal Water Warming Revealed by Multiparametric Monitoring at NW Mediterranean Fixed Stations
Since 2014, the global land and sea surface temperature has scaled 0.23 °C above the decadal average (2009–2018). Reports indicate that Mediterranean Sea temperatures have been rising at faster rates than in the global ocean. Oceanographic time series of physical and biogeochemical data collected fr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2658 |
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| author | Nixon Bahamon Jacopo Aguzzi Miguel Ángel Ahumada-Sempoal Raffaele Bernardello Charlotte Reuschel Joan Baptista Company Francesc Peters Ana Gordoa Joan Navarro Zoila Velásquez Antonio Cruzado |
| author_facet | Nixon Bahamon Jacopo Aguzzi Miguel Ángel Ahumada-Sempoal Raffaele Bernardello Charlotte Reuschel Joan Baptista Company Francesc Peters Ana Gordoa Joan Navarro Zoila Velásquez Antonio Cruzado |
| author_sort | Nixon Bahamon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since 2014, the global land and sea surface temperature has scaled 0.23 °C above the decadal average (2009–2018). Reports indicate that Mediterranean Sea temperatures have been rising at faster rates than in the global ocean. Oceanographic time series of physical and biogeochemical data collected from an onboard and a multisensor mooring array in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (Blanes submarine canyon, Balearic Sea) during 2009–2018 revealed an abrupt temperature rising since 2014, in line with regional and global warming. Since 2014, the oligotrophic conditions of the water column have intensified, with temperature increasing 0.61 °C on the surface and 0.47 °C in the whole water column in continental shelf waters. Water transparency has increased due to a decrease in turbidity anomaly of −0.1 FTU. Since 2013, inshore chlorophyll <i>a</i> concentration remained below the average (−0.15 mg·l<sup>−1</sup>) and silicates showed a declining trend. The mixed layer depth showed deepening in winter and remained steady in summer. The net surface heat fluxes did not show any trend linked to the local warming, probably due to the influence of incoming offshore waters produced by the interaction between the Northern Current and the submarine canyon. Present regional and global water heating pattern is increasing the stress of highly diverse coastal ecosystems at unprecedented levels, as reported by the literature. The strengthening of the oligotrophic conditions in the study area may also apply as a cautionary warning to similar coastal ecosystems around the world following the global warming trend. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:00:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9d3c35cec54400b89636bc2024ad66e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:00:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9d3c35cec54400b89636bc2024ad66e2023-11-19T23:38:53ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202020-05-01209265810.3390/s20092658Stepped Coastal Water Warming Revealed by Multiparametric Monitoring at NW Mediterranean Fixed StationsNixon Bahamon0Jacopo Aguzzi1Miguel Ángel Ahumada-Sempoal2Raffaele Bernardello3Charlotte Reuschel4Joan Baptista Company5Francesc Peters6Ana Gordoa7Joan Navarro8Zoila Velásquez9Antonio Cruzado10Instituto de Ciencias del Mar–CSIC, 08003 Barcelona, SpainInstituto de Ciencias del Mar–CSIC, 08003 Barcelona, SpainCoastal Dynamics Laboratory, Universidad del Mar, Puerto Ángel, 70902 Oaxaca, MexicoDepartment of Earth Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, 08034 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Chemistry and Biology, Hochschule Fresenius University of Applied Sciences, 65510 Idstein, GermanyInstituto de Ciencias del Mar–CSIC, 08003 Barcelona, SpainInstituto de Ciencias del Mar–CSIC, 08003 Barcelona, SpainCentro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes–CSIC, 17300 Blanes, SpainInstituto de Ciencias del Mar–CSIC, 08003 Barcelona, SpainOceans Catalonia International SL, 17300 Blanes, SpainOceans Catalonia International SL, 17300 Blanes, SpainSince 2014, the global land and sea surface temperature has scaled 0.23 °C above the decadal average (2009–2018). Reports indicate that Mediterranean Sea temperatures have been rising at faster rates than in the global ocean. Oceanographic time series of physical and biogeochemical data collected from an onboard and a multisensor mooring array in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (Blanes submarine canyon, Balearic Sea) during 2009–2018 revealed an abrupt temperature rising since 2014, in line with regional and global warming. Since 2014, the oligotrophic conditions of the water column have intensified, with temperature increasing 0.61 °C on the surface and 0.47 °C in the whole water column in continental shelf waters. Water transparency has increased due to a decrease in turbidity anomaly of −0.1 FTU. Since 2013, inshore chlorophyll <i>a</i> concentration remained below the average (−0.15 mg·l<sup>−1</sup>) and silicates showed a declining trend. The mixed layer depth showed deepening in winter and remained steady in summer. The net surface heat fluxes did not show any trend linked to the local warming, probably due to the influence of incoming offshore waters produced by the interaction between the Northern Current and the submarine canyon. Present regional and global water heating pattern is increasing the stress of highly diverse coastal ecosystems at unprecedented levels, as reported by the literature. The strengthening of the oligotrophic conditions in the study area may also apply as a cautionary warning to similar coastal ecosystems around the world following the global warming trend.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2658marine-observing systemsmultiparametric buoy profilinglong time-serieswater warmingoligotrophy |
| spellingShingle | Nixon Bahamon Jacopo Aguzzi Miguel Ángel Ahumada-Sempoal Raffaele Bernardello Charlotte Reuschel Joan Baptista Company Francesc Peters Ana Gordoa Joan Navarro Zoila Velásquez Antonio Cruzado Stepped Coastal Water Warming Revealed by Multiparametric Monitoring at NW Mediterranean Fixed Stations Sensors marine-observing systems multiparametric buoy profiling long time-series water warming oligotrophy |
| title | Stepped Coastal Water Warming Revealed by Multiparametric Monitoring at NW Mediterranean Fixed Stations |
| title_full | Stepped Coastal Water Warming Revealed by Multiparametric Monitoring at NW Mediterranean Fixed Stations |
| title_fullStr | Stepped Coastal Water Warming Revealed by Multiparametric Monitoring at NW Mediterranean Fixed Stations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stepped Coastal Water Warming Revealed by Multiparametric Monitoring at NW Mediterranean Fixed Stations |
| title_short | Stepped Coastal Water Warming Revealed by Multiparametric Monitoring at NW Mediterranean Fixed Stations |
| title_sort | stepped coastal water warming revealed by multiparametric monitoring at nw mediterranean fixed stations |
| topic | marine-observing systems multiparametric buoy profiling long time-series water warming oligotrophy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/9/2658 |
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