Multi-Isotopic Compositions of Ores from the Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo Orefield in the Tongling Region, Eastern China: Implications for Ore Genesis
The Middle–Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt (MLYMB) hosts abundant porphyry–skarn–stratabound-type Cu–Au–Mo deposits. Despite extensive research, the origin of the stratabound-type deposits, which developed at the unconformity interface between the Devonian and Carboniferous strata in the MLYMB, rema...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| author | Jinwei Li Lichuan Pan Yitong Guo Shunfu Lu |
| author_facet | Jinwei Li Lichuan Pan Yitong Guo Shunfu Lu |
| author_sort | Jinwei Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Middle–Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt (MLYMB) hosts abundant porphyry–skarn–stratabound-type Cu–Au–Mo deposits. Despite extensive research, the origin of the stratabound-type deposits, which developed at the unconformity interface between the Devonian and Carboniferous strata in the MLYMB, remains controversial. The primary debate centers on whether these deposits are the result of Carboniferous sedimentary exhalative mineralization or Mesozoic magmatic–hydrothermal mineralization. In this paper, we examine three representative deposits in the Shizishan orefield: the Chaoshan skarn-type Au deposit, the Hucun porphyry–skarn-type Cu–Mo deposit, and the Dongguashan Cu–(Au) deposit, which has a disputed genesis of its stratiform orebodies. Economically important ore minerals, such as chalcopyrite, molybdenite, and pyrrhotite, and their associated quartz and calcite, were focused on, rather than the extensively studied pyrite in the Tongling region. The ore genesis and sources of mineralized elements in the Shizishan orefield were investigated using H, O, C, S, Pb, and Cu isotopes. The H–O isotopic compositions of hydrothermal quartz from the Chaoshan, Dongguashan, and Hucun deposits indicate that the ore-forming fluids were mainly magmatic water with some meteoric water input. The C–O isotopic compositions of calcite show a large difference from the local sedimentary carbonates. The S isotopic compositions of sulfides reveal a magmatic sulfur signature. The Pb isotopic compositions in the three deposits are similar to those of the Shizishan intrusions, suggesting a magmatic source for Pb. The Cu isotopic compositions of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite demonstrate that Cu, the primary ore-forming element, was mainly derived from magmatic–hydrothermal fluids. The stratiform orebodies display H–O–C–S–Pb–Cu isotopes consistent with the porphyry orebodies in the Dongguashan deposit, as well as in the Chaoshan and Hucun deposits, indicating a common ore genesis. From these, we conclude that the porphyry–skarn–stratabound-type Cu–Au–Mo deposits in the Shizishan orefield can be classified as a unified Mesozoic magmatic–hydrothermal metallogenic system. The stratabound-type copper sulfide deposits and the porphyry–skarn-type copper deposits in the MLYMB have a strong similarity in the source and genesis of their ore-forming elements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:48:17Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c9de8afa6243437c87370c3a08215f572023-11-18T20:39:50ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2023-07-0113798510.3390/min13070985Multi-Isotopic Compositions of Ores from the Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo Orefield in the Tongling Region, Eastern China: Implications for Ore GenesisJinwei Li0Lichuan Pan1Yitong Guo2Shunfu Lu3Research Center of Ancient Ceramic, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaResearch Center of Ancient Ceramic, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaThe Middle–Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt (MLYMB) hosts abundant porphyry–skarn–stratabound-type Cu–Au–Mo deposits. Despite extensive research, the origin of the stratabound-type deposits, which developed at the unconformity interface between the Devonian and Carboniferous strata in the MLYMB, remains controversial. The primary debate centers on whether these deposits are the result of Carboniferous sedimentary exhalative mineralization or Mesozoic magmatic–hydrothermal mineralization. In this paper, we examine three representative deposits in the Shizishan orefield: the Chaoshan skarn-type Au deposit, the Hucun porphyry–skarn-type Cu–Mo deposit, and the Dongguashan Cu–(Au) deposit, which has a disputed genesis of its stratiform orebodies. Economically important ore minerals, such as chalcopyrite, molybdenite, and pyrrhotite, and their associated quartz and calcite, were focused on, rather than the extensively studied pyrite in the Tongling region. The ore genesis and sources of mineralized elements in the Shizishan orefield were investigated using H, O, C, S, Pb, and Cu isotopes. The H–O isotopic compositions of hydrothermal quartz from the Chaoshan, Dongguashan, and Hucun deposits indicate that the ore-forming fluids were mainly magmatic water with some meteoric water input. The C–O isotopic compositions of calcite show a large difference from the local sedimentary carbonates. The S isotopic compositions of sulfides reveal a magmatic sulfur signature. The Pb isotopic compositions in the three deposits are similar to those of the Shizishan intrusions, suggesting a magmatic source for Pb. The Cu isotopic compositions of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite demonstrate that Cu, the primary ore-forming element, was mainly derived from magmatic–hydrothermal fluids. The stratiform orebodies display H–O–C–S–Pb–Cu isotopes consistent with the porphyry orebodies in the Dongguashan deposit, as well as in the Chaoshan and Hucun deposits, indicating a common ore genesis. From these, we conclude that the porphyry–skarn–stratabound-type Cu–Au–Mo deposits in the Shizishan orefield can be classified as a unified Mesozoic magmatic–hydrothermal metallogenic system. The stratabound-type copper sulfide deposits and the porphyry–skarn-type copper deposits in the MLYMB have a strong similarity in the source and genesis of their ore-forming elements.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/13/7/985H–O–C–S–Pb–Cu isotopesmagmatic–hydrothermal mineralizationore genesisShizishan Cu–Au–Mo orefieldMiddle–Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt |
| spellingShingle | Jinwei Li Lichuan Pan Yitong Guo Shunfu Lu Multi-Isotopic Compositions of Ores from the Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo Orefield in the Tongling Region, Eastern China: Implications for Ore Genesis Minerals H–O–C–S–Pb–Cu isotopes magmatic–hydrothermal mineralization ore genesis Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo orefield Middle–Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt |
| title | Multi-Isotopic Compositions of Ores from the Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo Orefield in the Tongling Region, Eastern China: Implications for Ore Genesis |
| title_full | Multi-Isotopic Compositions of Ores from the Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo Orefield in the Tongling Region, Eastern China: Implications for Ore Genesis |
| title_fullStr | Multi-Isotopic Compositions of Ores from the Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo Orefield in the Tongling Region, Eastern China: Implications for Ore Genesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-Isotopic Compositions of Ores from the Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo Orefield in the Tongling Region, Eastern China: Implications for Ore Genesis |
| title_short | Multi-Isotopic Compositions of Ores from the Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo Orefield in the Tongling Region, Eastern China: Implications for Ore Genesis |
| title_sort | multi isotopic compositions of ores from the shizishan cu au mo orefield in the tongling region eastern china implications for ore genesis |
| topic | H–O–C–S–Pb–Cu isotopes magmatic–hydrothermal mineralization ore genesis Shizishan Cu–Au–Mo orefield Middle–Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/13/7/985 |
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