Impact of Puccinia punctiformis on Cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequence
Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) is a perennial weed that causes significant economic losses in agriculture. An extensive rhizomatous root system makes C. arvense difficult to manage, particularly in agricultural systems that use tillage as a primary management tool. There is a need for the developm...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2023.1201600/full |
| _version_ | 1797829033784770560 |
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| author | Daniel Chichinsky Christian Larson Jed Eberly Fabian D. Menalled Tim Seipel |
| author_facet | Daniel Chichinsky Christian Larson Jed Eberly Fabian D. Menalled Tim Seipel |
| author_sort | Daniel Chichinsky |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) is a perennial weed that causes significant economic losses in agriculture. An extensive rhizomatous root system makes C. arvense difficult to manage, particularly in agricultural systems that use tillage as a primary management tool. There is a need for the development of integrated weed management toolsets that include C. arvense biological controls. Puccinia punctiformis (thistle rust) is an autoecious fungal pathogen that systemically infects C. arvense, with the potential to reduce host vigor over time. The goal of this study was to integrate the P. punctiformis biocontrol with a simulated annual cropping sequence in a greenhouse environment and evaluate C. arvense’s above-and belowground biomass production, and its competitive ability. Repeated P. punctiformis inoculations produced systemically infected C. arvense stems in greenhouse pots over time. Cirsium arvense that was inoculated with P. punctiformis had 1.6 grams/pot (p = 0.0019) less aboveground biomass and 5.6 grams/pot (p< 0.001) less belowground biomass, compared to the non-inoculated (control). Puccinia punctiformis and crop competition interacted additively to lower aboveground (p<0.001) and belowground (p<0.001) C. arvense biomass more than individual use of either the biocontrol or competition alone. The aboveground competition intensity of C. arvense in a mixed crop sequence, relative to non-inoculated C. arvense grown in a monoculture, was moderately impacted by the P. punctiformis biocontrol (p = 0.0987). These results indicate that systemic infection can reduce biomass production and the competitive ability of C. arvense. Overall, P. punctiformis can be integrated into competitive annual cropping sequences with the potential to reduce C. arvense vigor over time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:15:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9e2005f7840414fa4f3fd0ffc4ff72b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-3218 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:15:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9e2005f7840414fa4f3fd0ffc4ff72b2023-05-12T04:36:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Agronomy2673-32182023-05-01510.3389/fagro.2023.12016001201600Impact of Puccinia punctiformis on Cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequenceDaniel Chichinsky0Christian Larson1Jed Eberly2Fabian D. Menalled3Tim Seipel4Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United StatesLand Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United StatesCentral Agriculture Research Center, College of Agriculture, Montana State University, Moccasin, MT, United StatesLand Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United StatesLand Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United StatesCirsium arvense (Canada thistle) is a perennial weed that causes significant economic losses in agriculture. An extensive rhizomatous root system makes C. arvense difficult to manage, particularly in agricultural systems that use tillage as a primary management tool. There is a need for the development of integrated weed management toolsets that include C. arvense biological controls. Puccinia punctiformis (thistle rust) is an autoecious fungal pathogen that systemically infects C. arvense, with the potential to reduce host vigor over time. The goal of this study was to integrate the P. punctiformis biocontrol with a simulated annual cropping sequence in a greenhouse environment and evaluate C. arvense’s above-and belowground biomass production, and its competitive ability. Repeated P. punctiformis inoculations produced systemically infected C. arvense stems in greenhouse pots over time. Cirsium arvense that was inoculated with P. punctiformis had 1.6 grams/pot (p = 0.0019) less aboveground biomass and 5.6 grams/pot (p< 0.001) less belowground biomass, compared to the non-inoculated (control). Puccinia punctiformis and crop competition interacted additively to lower aboveground (p<0.001) and belowground (p<0.001) C. arvense biomass more than individual use of either the biocontrol or competition alone. The aboveground competition intensity of C. arvense in a mixed crop sequence, relative to non-inoculated C. arvense grown in a monoculture, was moderately impacted by the P. punctiformis biocontrol (p = 0.0987). These results indicate that systemic infection can reduce biomass production and the competitive ability of C. arvense. Overall, P. punctiformis can be integrated into competitive annual cropping sequences with the potential to reduce C. arvense vigor over time.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2023.1201600/fullcrop competitionPuccinia punctiformisagricultureintegrated weed management (IWM)Canada thistlethistle rust |
| spellingShingle | Daniel Chichinsky Christian Larson Jed Eberly Fabian D. Menalled Tim Seipel Impact of Puccinia punctiformis on Cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequence Frontiers in Agronomy crop competition Puccinia punctiformis agriculture integrated weed management (IWM) Canada thistle thistle rust |
| title | Impact of Puccinia punctiformis on Cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequence |
| title_full | Impact of Puccinia punctiformis on Cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequence |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Puccinia punctiformis on Cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Puccinia punctiformis on Cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequence |
| title_short | Impact of Puccinia punctiformis on Cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequence |
| title_sort | impact of puccinia punctiformis on cirsium arvense performance in a simulated crop sequence |
| topic | crop competition Puccinia punctiformis agriculture integrated weed management (IWM) Canada thistle thistle rust |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2023.1201600/full |
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