Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Summary: Background: About 3·7 billion doses of ivermectin have been distributed in mass drug administration (MDA) campaigns globally over the past 30 years. At 10–100 times higher than current human doses, ivermectin is a known teratogen in mammals. During these campaigns with recommended doses, p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-01-01
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| Series: | The Lancet Global Health |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X1930453X |
| _version_ | 1811242589855154176 |
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| author | Patricia Nicolas, MSc Marta F Maia, PhD Quique Bassat, ProfPhD Kevin C Kobylinski, PhD Wuelton Monteiro, PhD N Regina Rabinovich, MD Clara Menéndez, ProfPhD Azucena Bardají, PhD Carlos Chaccour, PhD |
| author_facet | Patricia Nicolas, MSc Marta F Maia, PhD Quique Bassat, ProfPhD Kevin C Kobylinski, PhD Wuelton Monteiro, PhD N Regina Rabinovich, MD Clara Menéndez, ProfPhD Azucena Bardají, PhD Carlos Chaccour, PhD |
| author_sort | Patricia Nicolas, MSc |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Background: About 3·7 billion doses of ivermectin have been distributed in mass drug administration (MDA) campaigns globally over the past 30 years. At 10–100 times higher than current human doses, ivermectin is a known teratogen in mammals. During these campaigns with recommended doses, pregnant women might be inadvertently exposed. We therefore aimed to evaluate the existing evidence for serious and non-serious adverse events after ivermectin exposure in pregnant women. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched relevant databases and trial registry platforms on July 15, 2018, for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that reported adverse events in pregnant women. We did not use language or date restrictions. Outcomes of interest were spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, congenital anomalies, and neonatal death (serious adverse events), as well as maternal morbidity, preterm births, and low birthweight (adverse events). The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs. We did the meta-analysis of observational studies and RCTs separately. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, protocol CRD42016046914. Findings: We identified 147 records, of which only five observational studies and one RCT were included for quantitative analysis; these studies were published between 1990 and 2008, and were done in six African countries. 893 women with 899 pregancy outcomes were included, of whom 496 pregnant women (500 pregnancy outcomes) received ivermectin inadvertently during MDA campaigns in the observational studies and 397 pregnant women (399 pregnancy outcomes) purposely received ivermectin as part of the open-label RCT. No study reported neonatal deaths, maternal morbidity, preterm births, or low birthweight. It is unclear whether exposure to ivermectin during pregnancy increases the risk of spontaneous abortions and stillbirths (odds ratio [OR] 1·15 [95% CI 0·75–1·78] with very low certainty of evidence for the four observational studies and 0·62 [0·18–2·14] with very low certainty of evidence for the RCT) or congenital anomalies (OR 1·69 [95% CI 0·83–3·41] with very low certainty of evidence for the five observational studies and 1·10 [0·07–17·65] with very low certainty of evidence for the RCT). Interpretation: There is insufficient evidence to conclude on the safety profile of ivermectin during pregnancy. Treatment campaigns should focus additional efforts on preventing inadvertent treatment of pregnant women. Funding: Unitaid. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:53:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ca03b4cd34954265baf63864706656b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2214-109X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:53:22Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Lancet Global Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca03b4cd34954265baf63864706656b22022-12-22T03:30:26ZengElsevierThe Lancet Global Health2214-109X2020-01-0181e92e100Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysisPatricia Nicolas, MSc0Marta F Maia, PhD1Quique Bassat, ProfPhD2Kevin C Kobylinski, PhD3Wuelton Monteiro, PhD4N Regina Rabinovich, MD5Clara Menéndez, ProfPhD6Azucena Bardají, PhD7Carlos Chaccour, PhD8ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, MozambiqueDepartment of Biosciences, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UKISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique; ICREA, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainArmed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, ThailandFundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, BrazilISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USAISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, MozambiqueISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, MozambiqueISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique; Department of Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania; Vector Control Group, Instituto de Medicina Tropical Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Correspondence to: Dr Carlos Chaccour, ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic–Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, SpainSummary: Background: About 3·7 billion doses of ivermectin have been distributed in mass drug administration (MDA) campaigns globally over the past 30 years. At 10–100 times higher than current human doses, ivermectin is a known teratogen in mammals. During these campaigns with recommended doses, pregnant women might be inadvertently exposed. We therefore aimed to evaluate the existing evidence for serious and non-serious adverse events after ivermectin exposure in pregnant women. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched relevant databases and trial registry platforms on July 15, 2018, for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that reported adverse events in pregnant women. We did not use language or date restrictions. Outcomes of interest were spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, congenital anomalies, and neonatal death (serious adverse events), as well as maternal morbidity, preterm births, and low birthweight (adverse events). The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs. We did the meta-analysis of observational studies and RCTs separately. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, protocol CRD42016046914. Findings: We identified 147 records, of which only five observational studies and one RCT were included for quantitative analysis; these studies were published between 1990 and 2008, and were done in six African countries. 893 women with 899 pregancy outcomes were included, of whom 496 pregnant women (500 pregnancy outcomes) received ivermectin inadvertently during MDA campaigns in the observational studies and 397 pregnant women (399 pregnancy outcomes) purposely received ivermectin as part of the open-label RCT. No study reported neonatal deaths, maternal morbidity, preterm births, or low birthweight. It is unclear whether exposure to ivermectin during pregnancy increases the risk of spontaneous abortions and stillbirths (odds ratio [OR] 1·15 [95% CI 0·75–1·78] with very low certainty of evidence for the four observational studies and 0·62 [0·18–2·14] with very low certainty of evidence for the RCT) or congenital anomalies (OR 1·69 [95% CI 0·83–3·41] with very low certainty of evidence for the five observational studies and 1·10 [0·07–17·65] with very low certainty of evidence for the RCT). Interpretation: There is insufficient evidence to conclude on the safety profile of ivermectin during pregnancy. Treatment campaigns should focus additional efforts on preventing inadvertent treatment of pregnant women. Funding: Unitaid.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X1930453X |
| spellingShingle | Patricia Nicolas, MSc Marta F Maia, PhD Quique Bassat, ProfPhD Kevin C Kobylinski, PhD Wuelton Monteiro, PhD N Regina Rabinovich, MD Clara Menéndez, ProfPhD Azucena Bardají, PhD Carlos Chaccour, PhD Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis The Lancet Global Health |
| title | Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy a systematic review and meta analysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X1930453X |
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