Antigen Presentation in the Lung
The lungs are constantly exposed to environmental and infectious agents such as dust, viruses, fungi, and bacteria that invade the lungs upon breathing. The lungs are equipped with an immune defense mechanism that involves a wide variety of immunological cells to eliminate these agents. Various type...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.860915/full |
| _version_ | 1828544962951643136 |
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| author | Takumi Kawasaki Moe Ikegawa Taro Kawai |
| author_facet | Takumi Kawasaki Moe Ikegawa Taro Kawai |
| author_sort | Takumi Kawasaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The lungs are constantly exposed to environmental and infectious agents such as dust, viruses, fungi, and bacteria that invade the lungs upon breathing. The lungs are equipped with an immune defense mechanism that involves a wide variety of immunological cells to eliminate these agents. Various types of dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (MACs) function as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that engulf pathogens through endocytosis or phagocytosis and degrade proteins derived from them into peptide fragments. During this process, DCs and MACs present the peptides on their major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) or MHC-II protein complex to naïve CD8+ or CD4+ T cells, respectively. In addition to these cells, recent evidence supports that antigen-specific effector and memory T cells are activated by other lung cells such as endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and monocytes through antigen presentation. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of antigen presentation by APCs in the lungs and their contribution to immune response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T02:39:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ca084b175bca491e8a754a00da398bb5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T02:39:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca084b175bca491e8a754a00da398bb52022-12-22T00:41:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-05-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.860915860915Antigen Presentation in the LungTakumi KawasakiMoe IkegawaTaro KawaiThe lungs are constantly exposed to environmental and infectious agents such as dust, viruses, fungi, and bacteria that invade the lungs upon breathing. The lungs are equipped with an immune defense mechanism that involves a wide variety of immunological cells to eliminate these agents. Various types of dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (MACs) function as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that engulf pathogens through endocytosis or phagocytosis and degrade proteins derived from them into peptide fragments. During this process, DCs and MACs present the peptides on their major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) or MHC-II protein complex to naïve CD8+ or CD4+ T cells, respectively. In addition to these cells, recent evidence supports that antigen-specific effector and memory T cells are activated by other lung cells such as endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and monocytes through antigen presentation. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of antigen presentation by APCs in the lungs and their contribution to immune response.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.860915/fulllungantigen presentationantigen cross presentationdendritic cellsmacrophages |
| spellingShingle | Takumi Kawasaki Moe Ikegawa Taro Kawai Antigen Presentation in the Lung Frontiers in Immunology lung antigen presentation antigen cross presentation dendritic cells macrophages |
| title | Antigen Presentation in the Lung |
| title_full | Antigen Presentation in the Lung |
| title_fullStr | Antigen Presentation in the Lung |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antigen Presentation in the Lung |
| title_short | Antigen Presentation in the Lung |
| title_sort | antigen presentation in the lung |
| topic | lung antigen presentation antigen cross presentation dendritic cells macrophages |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.860915/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT takumikawasaki antigenpresentationinthelung AT moeikegawa antigenpresentationinthelung AT tarokawai antigenpresentationinthelung |