Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia
BACKGROUND: One type of thalassemia known as transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) requires a lifelong blood transfusion. Iron overload from prolonged blood transfusions causes nutritional disorders and several organs impairment, including the testicles. In contrast to an orchidometer, ultrasound...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Secretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| Online Access: | https://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/2291 |
| _version_ | 1797795341913817088 |
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| author | Rahmad Mulyadi Joedo Prihartono Em Yunir Dian Anindita Lubis Reyhan Eddy Yunus |
| author_facet | Rahmad Mulyadi Joedo Prihartono Em Yunir Dian Anindita Lubis Reyhan Eddy Yunus |
| author_sort | Rahmad Mulyadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: One type of thalassemia known as transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) requires a lifelong blood transfusion. Iron overload from prolonged blood transfusions causes nutritional disorders and several organs impairment, including the testicles. In contrast to an orchidometer, ultrasound shows more details of the testicles. This study aimed to compare testicular volumes based on ultrasound and orchidometer measurements and correlate testicular volume with nutritional status in TDT patients.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study including 27 male thalassemia subjects who underwent routine check-ups was conducted. Measurements of testicular volume using an orchidometer and ultrasound, and body mass index (BMI) was performed. Ultrasound measurement of testicular volume was calculated using the Lambert Formula, while the orchidometer was performed by matching the bead next to the testicle.
RESULTS: Most subjects were underweight (63%) or normal weight (37%). However, no significant correlation between BMI and testicular volume was found. As measured using an orchidometer, the mean volume of the right and left testes were 9.22±4.92 mL and 8.67±4.45 mL, respectively. Ultrasound measurement showed the mean values of the right and left testicles were 7.68±3.96 mL and 7.09±4.03 mL, respectively. Testicular measurements obtained using ultrasound showed a significant difference (p<0.05) when compared with the orchidometer. The testicle measured by ultrasound was smaller, which was more accurate. However, the comparison between the right and the left testicular volumes showed no significance.
CONCLUSION: Thalassemia patients are mainly underweight, and their nutritional status have no relationship with testicular volume. Ultrasound, as compared to an orchidometer, is better for measuring testicular volume.
KEYWORDS: thalassemia, testicle, orchidometer, ultrasound, body mass index |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:16:28Z |
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| issn | 2085-3297 2355-9179 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:16:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Secretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
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| series | Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca0d3cfb764b43b0b6f1c89df91a529c2023-06-26T02:48:39ZengSecretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical JournalIndonesian Biomedical Journal2085-32972355-91792023-06-0115310.18585/inabj.v15i3.2291517Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent ThalassemiaRahmad Mulyadi0Joedo Prihartono1Em Yunir2Dian Anindita Lubis3Reyhan Eddy Yunus4Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Central General Hospital, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10430Department of Community Medcine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Central General Hospital, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10430Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Central General Hospital, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10430Department of Internal Mediicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansyur No.5, Medan 20155Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Central General Hospital, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10430BACKGROUND: One type of thalassemia known as transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) requires a lifelong blood transfusion. Iron overload from prolonged blood transfusions causes nutritional disorders and several organs impairment, including the testicles. In contrast to an orchidometer, ultrasound shows more details of the testicles. This study aimed to compare testicular volumes based on ultrasound and orchidometer measurements and correlate testicular volume with nutritional status in TDT patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including 27 male thalassemia subjects who underwent routine check-ups was conducted. Measurements of testicular volume using an orchidometer and ultrasound, and body mass index (BMI) was performed. Ultrasound measurement of testicular volume was calculated using the Lambert Formula, while the orchidometer was performed by matching the bead next to the testicle. RESULTS: Most subjects were underweight (63%) or normal weight (37%). However, no significant correlation between BMI and testicular volume was found. As measured using an orchidometer, the mean volume of the right and left testes were 9.22±4.92 mL and 8.67±4.45 mL, respectively. Ultrasound measurement showed the mean values of the right and left testicles were 7.68±3.96 mL and 7.09±4.03 mL, respectively. Testicular measurements obtained using ultrasound showed a significant difference (p<0.05) when compared with the orchidometer. The testicle measured by ultrasound was smaller, which was more accurate. However, the comparison between the right and the left testicular volumes showed no significance. CONCLUSION: Thalassemia patients are mainly underweight, and their nutritional status have no relationship with testicular volume. Ultrasound, as compared to an orchidometer, is better for measuring testicular volume. KEYWORDS: thalassemia, testicle, orchidometer, ultrasound, body mass indexhttps://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/2291 |
| spellingShingle | Rahmad Mulyadi Joedo Prihartono Em Yunir Dian Anindita Lubis Reyhan Eddy Yunus Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| title | Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia |
| title_full | Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia |
| title_fullStr | Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia |
| title_short | Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia |
| title_sort | testicular volumes measurement comparison by ultrasound and orchidometer and its relationship with nutritional status in transfusion dependent thalassemia |
| url | https://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/2291 |
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