Analytical Optimal Load Calculation of RF Energy Rectifiers Based on a Simplified Rectifying Model
Wireless power transfer (WPT) is an essential enabler for novel sensor networks such as the wireless powered communication network (WPCN). The efficiency of an energy rectifier is dependent on both input power and loading condition. In this work, to maximize the rectifier efficiency, we present a lo...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/8038 |
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| author | Lichen Yao Guido Dolmans Jac Romme |
| author_facet | Lichen Yao Guido Dolmans Jac Romme |
| author_sort | Lichen Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wireless power transfer (WPT) is an essential enabler for novel sensor networks such as the wireless powered communication network (WPCN). The efficiency of an energy rectifier is dependent on both input power and loading condition. In this work, to maximize the rectifier efficiency, we present a low-complexity numerical method based on an analytical rectifier model to calculate the optimal load for different rectifier topologies, including half-wave and voltage-multipliers, without needing time-consuming simulations. The method is based on a simplified analytical rectifier model based on the diode equivalent circuit including parasitic parameters. Furthermore, by using Lambert-W function and the perturbation method, closed-form solutions are given for low-input power cases. The method is validated by means of both simulations and measurements. Extensive transient simulation results using different diodes (Skyworks SMS7630 and Avago HSMS285x) and frequency bands (400 MHz, 900 MHz, and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>2.4</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> GHz) are provided for validation of the method. A 400 MHz 1- and 2-stage voltage multiplier are designed and fabricated, and measurements are conducted. Different input signals are used when validating the proposed methods, including the single sinewave signal and the multisine signal. The proposed numerical method shows excellent accuracy with both signal types, as long as the output voltage ripple is sufficiently low. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:44:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ca0f9bd5d10d454ba2ead8f616238be7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:44:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca0f9bd5d10d454ba2ead8f616238be72023-11-23T03:03:00ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-12-012123803810.3390/s21238038Analytical Optimal Load Calculation of RF Energy Rectifiers Based on a Simplified Rectifying ModelLichen Yao0Guido Dolmans1Jac Romme2Electronics System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The NetherlandsElectronics System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The NetherlandsHolst-Centre, IMEC-NL, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The NetherlandsWireless power transfer (WPT) is an essential enabler for novel sensor networks such as the wireless powered communication network (WPCN). The efficiency of an energy rectifier is dependent on both input power and loading condition. In this work, to maximize the rectifier efficiency, we present a low-complexity numerical method based on an analytical rectifier model to calculate the optimal load for different rectifier topologies, including half-wave and voltage-multipliers, without needing time-consuming simulations. The method is based on a simplified analytical rectifier model based on the diode equivalent circuit including parasitic parameters. Furthermore, by using Lambert-W function and the perturbation method, closed-form solutions are given for low-input power cases. The method is validated by means of both simulations and measurements. Extensive transient simulation results using different diodes (Skyworks SMS7630 and Avago HSMS285x) and frequency bands (400 MHz, 900 MHz, and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>2.4</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> GHz) are provided for validation of the method. A 400 MHz 1- and 2-stage voltage multiplier are designed and fabricated, and measurements are conducted. Different input signals are used when validating the proposed methods, including the single sinewave signal and the multisine signal. The proposed numerical method shows excellent accuracy with both signal types, as long as the output voltage ripple is sufficiently low.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/8038WPTRFrectifierload resistanceanalyticalclosed-form |
| spellingShingle | Lichen Yao Guido Dolmans Jac Romme Analytical Optimal Load Calculation of RF Energy Rectifiers Based on a Simplified Rectifying Model Sensors WPT RF rectifier load resistance analytical closed-form |
| title | Analytical Optimal Load Calculation of RF Energy Rectifiers Based on a Simplified Rectifying Model |
| title_full | Analytical Optimal Load Calculation of RF Energy Rectifiers Based on a Simplified Rectifying Model |
| title_fullStr | Analytical Optimal Load Calculation of RF Energy Rectifiers Based on a Simplified Rectifying Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analytical Optimal Load Calculation of RF Energy Rectifiers Based on a Simplified Rectifying Model |
| title_short | Analytical Optimal Load Calculation of RF Energy Rectifiers Based on a Simplified Rectifying Model |
| title_sort | analytical optimal load calculation of rf energy rectifiers based on a simplified rectifying model |
| topic | WPT RF rectifier load resistance analytical closed-form |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/8038 |
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