The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric Sensors
Entropy generation in irreversible processes is a critical issue that affects the failure and aging of electrical, chemical or mechanical systems. The promotion of energy conversion efficiency needs to reduce energy losses, namely to decrease entropy generation. A pyroelectric type of entropy detect...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-10-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/10/3320 |
| _version_ | 1828113847591895040 |
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| author | Chun-Ching Hsiao Bo-Hao Liang |
| author_facet | Chun-Ching Hsiao Bo-Hao Liang |
| author_sort | Chun-Ching Hsiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Entropy generation in irreversible processes is a critical issue that affects the failure and aging of electrical, chemical or mechanical systems. The promotion of energy conversion efficiency needs to reduce energy losses, namely to decrease entropy generation. A pyroelectric type of entropy detector is proposed to monitor energy conversion processes in real time. The entropy generation rate can be derived from the induced pyroelectric current, temperature, thermal capacity, pyroelectric coefficient and electrode area. It is profitable to design entropy detectors to maintain a small thermal capacity while pyroelectric sensors minimize geometrical dimensions. Moreover, decreasing the electrode area of the PZT cells could avoid affecting the entropy variation of the measured objects, but the thickness of the cells has to be greatly reduced to promote the temperature variation rate and strengthen the electrical signals. A commercial capacitor with a capacitance of 47 μF and a maximum endured voltage of 4 V were used to estimate the entropy to act as an indicator of the capacitors’ time-to-failure. The threshold time was evaluated by using the entropy generation rates at about 7.5 s, 11.25 s, 20 s and 30 s for the applied voltages of 40 V, 35 V, 30 V and 25 V respectively, while using a PZT cell with dimensions of 3 mm square and a thickness of 200 μm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:15:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ca1232fab0214c4f8a5fcbaf4781781b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:15:20Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca1232fab0214c4f8a5fcbaf4781781b2022-12-22T04:24:19ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-10-011810332010.3390/s18103320s18103320The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric SensorsChun-Ching Hsiao0Bo-Hao Liang1Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, National Formosa University, No. 64, Wunhua Rd., Huwei Township, Yunlin County 632, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Design Engineering, National Formosa University, No. 64, Wunhua Rd., Huwei Township, Yunlin County 632, TaiwanEntropy generation in irreversible processes is a critical issue that affects the failure and aging of electrical, chemical or mechanical systems. The promotion of energy conversion efficiency needs to reduce energy losses, namely to decrease entropy generation. A pyroelectric type of entropy detector is proposed to monitor energy conversion processes in real time. The entropy generation rate can be derived from the induced pyroelectric current, temperature, thermal capacity, pyroelectric coefficient and electrode area. It is profitable to design entropy detectors to maintain a small thermal capacity while pyroelectric sensors minimize geometrical dimensions. Moreover, decreasing the electrode area of the PZT cells could avoid affecting the entropy variation of the measured objects, but the thickness of the cells has to be greatly reduced to promote the temperature variation rate and strengthen the electrical signals. A commercial capacitor with a capacitance of 47 μF and a maximum endured voltage of 4 V were used to estimate the entropy to act as an indicator of the capacitors’ time-to-failure. The threshold time was evaluated by using the entropy generation rates at about 7.5 s, 11.25 s, 20 s and 30 s for the applied voltages of 40 V, 35 V, 30 V and 25 V respectively, while using a PZT cell with dimensions of 3 mm square and a thickness of 200 μm.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/10/3320entropypyroelectric effectsensorenergy conversionfailure |
| spellingShingle | Chun-Ching Hsiao Bo-Hao Liang The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric Sensors Sensors entropy pyroelectric effect sensor energy conversion failure |
| title | The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric Sensors |
| title_full | The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric Sensors |
| title_fullStr | The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric Sensors |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric Sensors |
| title_short | The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric Sensors |
| title_sort | generated entropy monitored by pyroelectric sensors |
| topic | entropy pyroelectric effect sensor energy conversion failure |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/10/3320 |
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