The Impact of Wind on Flow and Sediment Transport over Intertidal Flats
Sediment transport over intertidal flats is driven by a combination of waves, tides, and wind-driven flow. In this study we aimed at identifying and quantifying the interactions between these processes. A five week long dataset consisting of flow velocities, waves, water depths, suspended sediment c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/11/910 |
| _version_ | 1797548142857551872 |
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| author | Irene Colosimo Paul L. M. de Vet Dirk S. van Maren Ad J. H. M. Reniers Johan C. Winterwerp Bram C. van Prooijen |
| author_facet | Irene Colosimo Paul L. M. de Vet Dirk S. van Maren Ad J. H. M. Reniers Johan C. Winterwerp Bram C. van Prooijen |
| author_sort | Irene Colosimo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sediment transport over intertidal flats is driven by a combination of waves, tides, and wind-driven flow. In this study we aimed at identifying and quantifying the interactions between these processes. A five week long dataset consisting of flow velocities, waves, water depths, suspended sediment concentrations, and bed level changes was collected at two locations across a tidal flat in the Wadden Sea (The Netherlands). A momentum balance was evaluated, based on field data, for windy and non-windy conditions. The results show that wind speed and direction have large impacts on the net flow, and that even moderate wind can reverse the tidal flow. A simple analytical tide–wind interaction model shows that the wind-induced reversal can be predicted as a function of tidal flow amplitude and wind forcing. Asymmetries in sediment transport are not only related to the tide–wind interaction, but also to the intratidal asymmetries in sediment concentration. These asymmetries are influenced by wind-induced circulation interacting with the large scale topography. An analysis of the shear stresses induced by waves and currents revealed the relative contributions of local processes (resuspension) and large-scale processes (advection) at different tidal flat elevations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:55:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ca225676b0f14e93b4b2a2b14ee633de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:55:17Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca225676b0f14e93b4b2a2b14ee633de2023-11-20T20:42:11ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122020-11-0181191010.3390/jmse8110910The Impact of Wind on Flow and Sediment Transport over Intertidal FlatsIrene Colosimo0Paul L. M. de Vet1Dirk S. van Maren2Ad J. H. M. Reniers3Johan C. Winterwerp4Bram C. van Prooijen5Civil Engineering and Geoscience, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2624 CN Delft, The NetherlandsCivil Engineering and Geoscience, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2624 CN Delft, The NetherlandsCivil Engineering and Geoscience, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2624 CN Delft, The NetherlandsCivil Engineering and Geoscience, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2624 CN Delft, The NetherlandsCivil Engineering and Geoscience, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2624 CN Delft, The NetherlandsCivil Engineering and Geoscience, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2624 CN Delft, The NetherlandsSediment transport over intertidal flats is driven by a combination of waves, tides, and wind-driven flow. In this study we aimed at identifying and quantifying the interactions between these processes. A five week long dataset consisting of flow velocities, waves, water depths, suspended sediment concentrations, and bed level changes was collected at two locations across a tidal flat in the Wadden Sea (The Netherlands). A momentum balance was evaluated, based on field data, for windy and non-windy conditions. The results show that wind speed and direction have large impacts on the net flow, and that even moderate wind can reverse the tidal flow. A simple analytical tide–wind interaction model shows that the wind-induced reversal can be predicted as a function of tidal flow amplitude and wind forcing. Asymmetries in sediment transport are not only related to the tide–wind interaction, but also to the intratidal asymmetries in sediment concentration. These asymmetries are influenced by wind-induced circulation interacting with the large scale topography. An analysis of the shear stresses induced by waves and currents revealed the relative contributions of local processes (resuspension) and large-scale processes (advection) at different tidal flat elevations.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/11/910tide–wind interactionwind-driven flowsediment transportintertidal flatssuspended sediment fluxessediment storage |
| spellingShingle | Irene Colosimo Paul L. M. de Vet Dirk S. van Maren Ad J. H. M. Reniers Johan C. Winterwerp Bram C. van Prooijen The Impact of Wind on Flow and Sediment Transport over Intertidal Flats Journal of Marine Science and Engineering tide–wind interaction wind-driven flow sediment transport intertidal flats suspended sediment fluxes sediment storage |
| title | The Impact of Wind on Flow and Sediment Transport over Intertidal Flats |
| title_full | The Impact of Wind on Flow and Sediment Transport over Intertidal Flats |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Wind on Flow and Sediment Transport over Intertidal Flats |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Wind on Flow and Sediment Transport over Intertidal Flats |
| title_short | The Impact of Wind on Flow and Sediment Transport over Intertidal Flats |
| title_sort | impact of wind on flow and sediment transport over intertidal flats |
| topic | tide–wind interaction wind-driven flow sediment transport intertidal flats suspended sediment fluxes sediment storage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/11/910 |
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