Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotics Gene Profiles in <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> Isolated from Cows with Clinical Mastitis in China
<i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> (<i>L. garvieae</i>) is a pathogenic gram-positive, catalase-negative (GPCN) bacterium that causes bovine mastitis. A total of 49 <i>L. garvieae</i> isolates were identified from 1441 clinical mastitis (CM) samples. The pathogenic effec...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/379 |
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| author | Xinmei Xie Zihao Pan Yong Yu Lirong Yu Fan Wu Jing Dong Tiancheng Wang Lin Li |
| author_facet | Xinmei Xie Zihao Pan Yong Yu Lirong Yu Fan Wu Jing Dong Tiancheng Wang Lin Li |
| author_sort | Xinmei Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> (<i>L. garvieae</i>) is a pathogenic gram-positive, catalase-negative (GPCN) bacterium that causes bovine mastitis. A total of 49 <i>L. garvieae</i> isolates were identified from 1441 clinical mastitis (CM) samples. The pathogenic effects of <i>L. garvieae</i> were studied with two infection models: bovine mammary epithelial cells cultured in vitro and murine mammary infections in vivo. The overall farm prevalence was 15.5% (13/84 farms in 9/19 provinces) and sample prevalence was 3.40% (49/1441). Post-treatment somatic cell count (SCC) post <i>L. garvieae</i> infection was significantly higher than the other GPCN pathogens isolated, and the bacteriological cure fraction was 41.94% (13/31) after intramammary antibiotic treatment. All <i>L. garvieae</i> isolates were resistant to rifaximin, 12.24% of isolates were resistant to cephalexin, and 10.20% (5/49) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The most prevalent virulence genes were Hemolysin 1 (hly1)(100%), Hemolysin 2 (hly2) (97.96%), NADH oxidase (NADHO) (100%), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (100%), Adhesin Pav (Pav) (100%), Adhesin PsaA (PsaA) (100%), Enolase (eno) (100%), Adhesin cluster 1(AC1) (100%), Adhesin cluster 2 (AC2) (100%), and several exopolysaccharides. <i>L. garvieae</i> rapidly adhered to bovine mammary epithelial cells, resulting in an elevated lactate dehydrogenase release. Edema and congestion were observed in challenged murine mammary glands and bacteria were consistently isolated at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 120 h after infection. We concluded that <i>L. garvieae</i> had good adaptive ability in the bovine and murine mammary cells and tissue. Given the resistance profile, penicillin and ampicillin are potential treatments for CM cases caused by <i>L. garvieae</i>. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:23:32Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ca271def973e4289b3d9c779377c21b32023-11-16T22:15:03ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-02-0111237910.3390/microorganisms11020379Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotics Gene Profiles in <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> Isolated from Cows with Clinical Mastitis in ChinaXinmei Xie0Zihao Pan1Yong Yu2Lirong Yu3Fan Wu4Jing Dong5Tiancheng Wang6Lin Li7College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China<i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> (<i>L. garvieae</i>) is a pathogenic gram-positive, catalase-negative (GPCN) bacterium that causes bovine mastitis. A total of 49 <i>L. garvieae</i> isolates were identified from 1441 clinical mastitis (CM) samples. The pathogenic effects of <i>L. garvieae</i> were studied with two infection models: bovine mammary epithelial cells cultured in vitro and murine mammary infections in vivo. The overall farm prevalence was 15.5% (13/84 farms in 9/19 provinces) and sample prevalence was 3.40% (49/1441). Post-treatment somatic cell count (SCC) post <i>L. garvieae</i> infection was significantly higher than the other GPCN pathogens isolated, and the bacteriological cure fraction was 41.94% (13/31) after intramammary antibiotic treatment. All <i>L. garvieae</i> isolates were resistant to rifaximin, 12.24% of isolates were resistant to cephalexin, and 10.20% (5/49) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The most prevalent virulence genes were Hemolysin 1 (hly1)(100%), Hemolysin 2 (hly2) (97.96%), NADH oxidase (NADHO) (100%), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (100%), Adhesin Pav (Pav) (100%), Adhesin PsaA (PsaA) (100%), Enolase (eno) (100%), Adhesin cluster 1(AC1) (100%), Adhesin cluster 2 (AC2) (100%), and several exopolysaccharides. <i>L. garvieae</i> rapidly adhered to bovine mammary epithelial cells, resulting in an elevated lactate dehydrogenase release. Edema and congestion were observed in challenged murine mammary glands and bacteria were consistently isolated at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 120 h after infection. We concluded that <i>L. garvieae</i> had good adaptive ability in the bovine and murine mammary cells and tissue. Given the resistance profile, penicillin and ampicillin are potential treatments for CM cases caused by <i>L. garvieae</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/379antimicrobial resistancebovine clinical mastitis<i>Lactococcus garvieae</i>pathogenicityvirulence gene |
| spellingShingle | Xinmei Xie Zihao Pan Yong Yu Lirong Yu Fan Wu Jing Dong Tiancheng Wang Lin Li Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotics Gene Profiles in <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> Isolated from Cows with Clinical Mastitis in China Microorganisms antimicrobial resistance bovine clinical mastitis <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> pathogenicity virulence gene |
| title | Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotics Gene Profiles in <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> Isolated from Cows with Clinical Mastitis in China |
| title_full | Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotics Gene Profiles in <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> Isolated from Cows with Clinical Mastitis in China |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotics Gene Profiles in <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> Isolated from Cows with Clinical Mastitis in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotics Gene Profiles in <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> Isolated from Cows with Clinical Mastitis in China |
| title_short | Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotics Gene Profiles in <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> Isolated from Cows with Clinical Mastitis in China |
| title_sort | prevalence virulence and antibiotics gene profiles in i lactococcus garvieae i isolated from cows with clinical mastitis in china |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance bovine clinical mastitis <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> pathogenicity virulence gene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/379 |
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