Immunostaining of βA-Activin and Follistatin Is Decreased in HPV(+) Cervical Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions
The activin–follistatin system regulates several cellular processes, including differentiation and tumorigenesis. We hypothesized that the immunostaining of βA-activin and follistatin varies in neoplastic cervical lesions. Cervical paraffin-embedded tissues from 162 patients sorted in control (<i...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/5/1031 |
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| author | Victor Jesus Huaringa Payano Lara Verônica de Araújo Lopes Larissa Rodrigues Peixoto Keila Alves da Silva Tania Maria Ortiga-Carvalho Alexandre Tafuri Annamaria Ravara Vago Enrrico Bloise |
| author_facet | Victor Jesus Huaringa Payano Lara Verônica de Araújo Lopes Larissa Rodrigues Peixoto Keila Alves da Silva Tania Maria Ortiga-Carvalho Alexandre Tafuri Annamaria Ravara Vago Enrrico Bloise |
| author_sort | Victor Jesus Huaringa Payano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The activin–follistatin system regulates several cellular processes, including differentiation and tumorigenesis. We hypothesized that the immunostaining of βA-activin and follistatin varies in neoplastic cervical lesions. Cervical paraffin-embedded tissues from 162 patients sorted in control (<i>n</i> = 15), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 (<i>n</i> = 38), CIN2 (<i>n</i> = 37), CIN3 (<i>n</i> = 39), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; <i>n</i> = 33) groups were examined for βA-activin and follistatin immunostaining. Human papillomavirus (HPV) detection and genotyping were performed by PCR and immunohistochemistry. Sixteen samples were inconclusive for HPV detection. In total, 93% of the specimens exhibited HPV positivity, which increased with patient age. The most detected high-risk (HR)-HPV type was HPV16 (41.2%) followed by HPV18 (16%). The immunostaining of cytoplasmatic βA-activin and follistatin was higher than nuclear immunostaining in all cervical epithelium layers of the CIN1, CIN2, CIN3, and SCC groups. A significant decrease (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the cytoplasmic and nuclear immunostaining of βA-activin was detected in all cervical epithelial layers from the control to the CIN1, CIN2, CIN3, and SCC groups. Only nuclear follistatin immunostaining exhibited a significant reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in specific epithelial layers of cervical tissues from CIN1, CIN2, CIN3, and SCC compared to the control. Decreased immunostaining of cervical βA-activin and follistatin at specific stages of CIN progression suggests that the activin–follistatin system participates in the loss of the differentiation control of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic cervical specimens predominantly positive for HPV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:14:46Z |
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| id | doaj.art-ca337ef502fb431aadb1701145502661 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:14:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca337ef502fb431aadb17011455026612023-11-18T03:37:56ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-04-01155103110.3390/v15051031Immunostaining of βA-Activin and Follistatin Is Decreased in HPV(+) Cervical Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic LesionsVictor Jesus Huaringa Payano0Lara Verônica de Araújo Lopes1Larissa Rodrigues Peixoto2Keila Alves da Silva3Tania Maria Ortiga-Carvalho4Alexandre Tafuri5Annamaria Ravara Vago6Enrrico Bloise7Laboratório de Patogênese Molecular, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-910, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Patogênese Molecular, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-910, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Patogênese Molecular, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-910, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Patogênese Molecular, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-910, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Endocrinologia Translacional, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, BrazilLaboratório de Anatomia Patológica Tafuri, Belo Horizonte 30170-133, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Patogênese Molecular, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-910, MG, BrazilLaboratório de Patogênese Molecular, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-910, MG, BrazilThe activin–follistatin system regulates several cellular processes, including differentiation and tumorigenesis. We hypothesized that the immunostaining of βA-activin and follistatin varies in neoplastic cervical lesions. Cervical paraffin-embedded tissues from 162 patients sorted in control (<i>n</i> = 15), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 (<i>n</i> = 38), CIN2 (<i>n</i> = 37), CIN3 (<i>n</i> = 39), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; <i>n</i> = 33) groups were examined for βA-activin and follistatin immunostaining. Human papillomavirus (HPV) detection and genotyping were performed by PCR and immunohistochemistry. Sixteen samples were inconclusive for HPV detection. In total, 93% of the specimens exhibited HPV positivity, which increased with patient age. The most detected high-risk (HR)-HPV type was HPV16 (41.2%) followed by HPV18 (16%). The immunostaining of cytoplasmatic βA-activin and follistatin was higher than nuclear immunostaining in all cervical epithelium layers of the CIN1, CIN2, CIN3, and SCC groups. A significant decrease (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the cytoplasmic and nuclear immunostaining of βA-activin was detected in all cervical epithelial layers from the control to the CIN1, CIN2, CIN3, and SCC groups. Only nuclear follistatin immunostaining exhibited a significant reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in specific epithelial layers of cervical tissues from CIN1, CIN2, CIN3, and SCC compared to the control. Decreased immunostaining of cervical βA-activin and follistatin at specific stages of CIN progression suggests that the activin–follistatin system participates in the loss of the differentiation control of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic cervical specimens predominantly positive for HPV.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/5/1031βA-activinfollistatinactivininhibincervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) |
| spellingShingle | Victor Jesus Huaringa Payano Lara Verônica de Araújo Lopes Larissa Rodrigues Peixoto Keila Alves da Silva Tania Maria Ortiga-Carvalho Alexandre Tafuri Annamaria Ravara Vago Enrrico Bloise Immunostaining of βA-Activin and Follistatin Is Decreased in HPV(+) Cervical Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions Viruses βA-activin follistatin activin inhibin cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) |
| title | Immunostaining of βA-Activin and Follistatin Is Decreased in HPV(+) Cervical Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions |
| title_full | Immunostaining of βA-Activin and Follistatin Is Decreased in HPV(+) Cervical Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions |
| title_fullStr | Immunostaining of βA-Activin and Follistatin Is Decreased in HPV(+) Cervical Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunostaining of βA-Activin and Follistatin Is Decreased in HPV(+) Cervical Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions |
| title_short | Immunostaining of βA-Activin and Follistatin Is Decreased in HPV(+) Cervical Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions |
| title_sort | immunostaining of βa activin and follistatin is decreased in hpv cervical pre neoplastic and neoplastic lesions |
| topic | βA-activin follistatin activin inhibin cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/5/1031 |
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