Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with ‘Synthetic Manure’: Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and Microbiome
Lignocellulosic residues, such as straw, are currently considered as candidates for biogas production. Therefore, straw fermentations were performed to quantitatively estimate methane yields and cell counts, as well as to qualitatively determine the microbiome. Six fully automated, continuously stir...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Bioengineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/9/1/13 |
| _version_ | 1797495842005843968 |
|---|---|
| author | Richard Arthur Sebastian Antonczyk Sandra Off Paul A. Scherer |
| author_facet | Richard Arthur Sebastian Antonczyk Sandra Off Paul A. Scherer |
| author_sort | Richard Arthur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lignocellulosic residues, such as straw, are currently considered as candidates for biogas production. Therefore, straw fermentations were performed to quantitatively estimate methane yields and cell counts, as well as to qualitatively determine the microbiome. Six fully automated, continuously stirred biogas reactors were used: three mesophilic (41 °C) and three thermophilic (58 °C). They were fed every 8 h with milled wheat straw suspension in a defined, buffered salt solution, called ‘synthetic manure’. Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analyses showed nickel and tungsten deficiency in the straw suspension. Supplementation of nickel and subsequently tungsten, or with an increasing combined dosage of both elements, resulted in a final concentration of approximately 0.1 mg/L active, dissolved tungsten ions, which caused an increase of the specific methane production, up to 63% under mesophilic and 31% under thermophilic conditions. That is the same optimal range for pure cultures of methanogens or bacteria found in literature. A simultaneous decrease of volatile fatty acids occurred. The Ni/W effect occurred with all three organic loading rates, being 4.5, 7.5, and 9.0 g volatile solids per litre and day, with a concomitant hydraulic retention time of 18, 10, or 8 days, respectively. A maximum specific methane production of 0.254 m<sup>3</sup> CH<sub>4</sub>, under standard temperature and pressure per kg volatile solids (almost 90% degradation), was obtained. After the final supplementation of tungsten, the cell counts of methanogens increased by 300%, while the total microbial cell counts increased by only 3–62%. The mesophilic methanogenic microflora was shifted from the acetotrophic <i>Methanosaeta</i> to the hydrogenotrophic <i>Methanoculleus</i> (85%) by tungsten, whereas the H<sub>2</sub>-CO<sub>2</sub>-converter, <i>Methanothermobacter</i>, always dominated in the thermophilic fermenters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:55:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ca34b0c6a2e348c0a42c689e26190848 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:55:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca34b0c6a2e348c0a42c689e261908482023-11-23T12:59:03ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542022-01-01911310.3390/bioengineering9010013Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with ‘Synthetic Manure’: Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and MicrobiomeRichard Arthur0Sebastian Antonczyk1Sandra Off2Paul A. Scherer3Energy Systems Engineering Department, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua P.O. Box KF 981, GhanaResearch Center for Biomass Utilization, Faculty Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW), 20099 Hamburg, GermanyResearch Center for Biomass Utilization, Faculty Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW), 20099 Hamburg, GermanyResearch Center for Biomass Utilization, Faculty Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW), 20099 Hamburg, GermanyLignocellulosic residues, such as straw, are currently considered as candidates for biogas production. Therefore, straw fermentations were performed to quantitatively estimate methane yields and cell counts, as well as to qualitatively determine the microbiome. Six fully automated, continuously stirred biogas reactors were used: three mesophilic (41 °C) and three thermophilic (58 °C). They were fed every 8 h with milled wheat straw suspension in a defined, buffered salt solution, called ‘synthetic manure’. Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analyses showed nickel and tungsten deficiency in the straw suspension. Supplementation of nickel and subsequently tungsten, or with an increasing combined dosage of both elements, resulted in a final concentration of approximately 0.1 mg/L active, dissolved tungsten ions, which caused an increase of the specific methane production, up to 63% under mesophilic and 31% under thermophilic conditions. That is the same optimal range for pure cultures of methanogens or bacteria found in literature. A simultaneous decrease of volatile fatty acids occurred. The Ni/W effect occurred with all three organic loading rates, being 4.5, 7.5, and 9.0 g volatile solids per litre and day, with a concomitant hydraulic retention time of 18, 10, or 8 days, respectively. A maximum specific methane production of 0.254 m<sup>3</sup> CH<sub>4</sub>, under standard temperature and pressure per kg volatile solids (almost 90% degradation), was obtained. After the final supplementation of tungsten, the cell counts of methanogens increased by 300%, while the total microbial cell counts increased by only 3–62%. The mesophilic methanogenic microflora was shifted from the acetotrophic <i>Methanosaeta</i> to the hydrogenotrophic <i>Methanoculleus</i> (85%) by tungsten, whereas the H<sub>2</sub>-CO<sub>2</sub>-converter, <i>Methanothermobacter</i>, always dominated in the thermophilic fermenters.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/9/1/13strawtrace elementsCSTRmicrobiomecell countfermentation |
| spellingShingle | Richard Arthur Sebastian Antonczyk Sandra Off Paul A. Scherer Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with ‘Synthetic Manure’: Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and Microbiome Bioengineering straw trace elements CSTR microbiome cell count fermentation |
| title | Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with ‘Synthetic Manure’: Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and Microbiome |
| title_full | Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with ‘Synthetic Manure’: Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and Microbiome |
| title_fullStr | Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with ‘Synthetic Manure’: Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and Microbiome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with ‘Synthetic Manure’: Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and Microbiome |
| title_short | Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with ‘Synthetic Manure’: Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and Microbiome |
| title_sort | mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of wheat straw in a cstr system with synthetic manure impact of nickel and tungsten on methane yields cell count and microbiome |
| topic | straw trace elements CSTR microbiome cell count fermentation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/9/1/13 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT richardarthur mesophilicandthermophilicanaerobicdigestionofwheatstrawinacstrsystemwithsyntheticmanureimpactofnickelandtungstenonmethaneyieldscellcountandmicrobiome AT sebastianantonczyk mesophilicandthermophilicanaerobicdigestionofwheatstrawinacstrsystemwithsyntheticmanureimpactofnickelandtungstenonmethaneyieldscellcountandmicrobiome AT sandraoff mesophilicandthermophilicanaerobicdigestionofwheatstrawinacstrsystemwithsyntheticmanureimpactofnickelandtungstenonmethaneyieldscellcountandmicrobiome AT paulascherer mesophilicandthermophilicanaerobicdigestionofwheatstrawinacstrsystemwithsyntheticmanureimpactofnickelandtungstenonmethaneyieldscellcountandmicrobiome |