Exploring Dry-Film FTIR Spectroscopy to Characterize Milk Composition and Subclinical Ketosis throughout a Cow’s Lactation
The use of technologies for measurements of health parameters of individual cows may ensure early detection of diseases and maximization of individual cow and herd potential. In the present study, dry-film Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was evaluated for the purpose of detecting and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/9/2033 |
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| author | Amira Rachah Olav Reksen Valeria Tafintseva Felicia Judith Marie Stehr Elling-Olav Rukke Egil Prestløkken Adam Martin Achim Kohler Nils Kristian Afseth |
| author_facet | Amira Rachah Olav Reksen Valeria Tafintseva Felicia Judith Marie Stehr Elling-Olav Rukke Egil Prestløkken Adam Martin Achim Kohler Nils Kristian Afseth |
| author_sort | Amira Rachah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of technologies for measurements of health parameters of individual cows may ensure early detection of diseases and maximization of individual cow and herd potential. In the present study, dry-film Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was evaluated for the purpose of detecting and quantifying milk components during cows’ lactation. This was done in order to investigate if these systematic changes can be used to identify cows experiencing subclinical ketosis. The data included 2329 milk samples from 61 Norwegian Red dairy cows collected during the first 100 days in milk (DIM). The resulting FTIR spectra were used for explorative analyses of the milk composition. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to search for systematic changes in the milk during the lactation. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to predict the fatty acid (FA) composition of all milk samples and the models obtained were used to evaluate systematic changes in the predicted FA composition during the lactation. The results reveal that systematic changes related to both gross milk composition and fatty acid features can be seen throughout lactation. Differences in the predicted FA composition between cows with subclinical ketosis and normal cows, in particular C14:0 and C18:1cis9, showed that dietary energy deficits may be detected by deviations in distinct fatty acid features. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:41:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ca392d91a50c4aff84571aff98ef0f9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:41:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-ca392d91a50c4aff84571aff98ef0f9a2023-11-22T13:03:13ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-08-01109203310.3390/foods10092033Exploring Dry-Film FTIR Spectroscopy to Characterize Milk Composition and Subclinical Ketosis throughout a Cow’s LactationAmira Rachah0Olav Reksen1Valeria Tafintseva2Felicia Judith Marie Stehr3Elling-Olav Rukke4Egil Prestløkken5Adam Martin6Achim Kohler7Nils Kristian Afseth8Department of Sustainable Energy Technology, Sintef Industry, Richard Birkelands vei 3, P.O. Box 4760 Torgarden, 7034 Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 369 Sentrum, 0120 Oslo, NorwayFaculty of Science and Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, NorwayDepartment of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, NorwayDepartment of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, NorwayDepartment of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, NorwayDepartment of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 369 Sentrum, 0120 Oslo, NorwayFaculty of Science and Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, NorwayNofima AS, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Muninbakken 9-13, Breivika, P.O. Box 6122 Langnes, 9291 Tromsø, NorwayThe use of technologies for measurements of health parameters of individual cows may ensure early detection of diseases and maximization of individual cow and herd potential. In the present study, dry-film Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was evaluated for the purpose of detecting and quantifying milk components during cows’ lactation. This was done in order to investigate if these systematic changes can be used to identify cows experiencing subclinical ketosis. The data included 2329 milk samples from 61 Norwegian Red dairy cows collected during the first 100 days in milk (DIM). The resulting FTIR spectra were used for explorative analyses of the milk composition. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to search for systematic changes in the milk during the lactation. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to predict the fatty acid (FA) composition of all milk samples and the models obtained were used to evaluate systematic changes in the predicted FA composition during the lactation. The results reveal that systematic changes related to both gross milk composition and fatty acid features can be seen throughout lactation. Differences in the predicted FA composition between cows with subclinical ketosis and normal cows, in particular C14:0 and C18:1cis9, showed that dietary energy deficits may be detected by deviations in distinct fatty acid features.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/9/2033dry-film FTIR spectroscopymilkcow health monitoringsubclinical ketosisfatty acid predictionsPLSR |
| spellingShingle | Amira Rachah Olav Reksen Valeria Tafintseva Felicia Judith Marie Stehr Elling-Olav Rukke Egil Prestløkken Adam Martin Achim Kohler Nils Kristian Afseth Exploring Dry-Film FTIR Spectroscopy to Characterize Milk Composition and Subclinical Ketosis throughout a Cow’s Lactation Foods dry-film FTIR spectroscopy milk cow health monitoring subclinical ketosis fatty acid predictions PLSR |
| title | Exploring Dry-Film FTIR Spectroscopy to Characterize Milk Composition and Subclinical Ketosis throughout a Cow’s Lactation |
| title_full | Exploring Dry-Film FTIR Spectroscopy to Characterize Milk Composition and Subclinical Ketosis throughout a Cow’s Lactation |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Dry-Film FTIR Spectroscopy to Characterize Milk Composition and Subclinical Ketosis throughout a Cow’s Lactation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Dry-Film FTIR Spectroscopy to Characterize Milk Composition and Subclinical Ketosis throughout a Cow’s Lactation |
| title_short | Exploring Dry-Film FTIR Spectroscopy to Characterize Milk Composition and Subclinical Ketosis throughout a Cow’s Lactation |
| title_sort | exploring dry film ftir spectroscopy to characterize milk composition and subclinical ketosis throughout a cow s lactation |
| topic | dry-film FTIR spectroscopy milk cow health monitoring subclinical ketosis fatty acid predictions PLSR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/9/2033 |
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