Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of Limestone Sub-Samples
Permeability is a key transport property of porous materials, and its accurate evaluation is relevant when studying applied tasks, such as CO<sub>2</sub> injection into reservoirs and investigating groundwater quality. This study examines the dependence of permeability on total and conne...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| author | Zhibek K. Akasheva Bakytzhan K. Assilbekov Darezhat A. Bolysbek Berik Iskakov Kenbai Sh. Uzbekaliyev Gani I. Issayev |
| author_facet | Zhibek K. Akasheva Bakytzhan K. Assilbekov Darezhat A. Bolysbek Berik Iskakov Kenbai Sh. Uzbekaliyev Gani I. Issayev |
| author_sort | Zhibek K. Akasheva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Permeability is a key transport property of porous materials, and its accurate evaluation is relevant when studying applied tasks, such as CO<sub>2</sub> injection into reservoirs and investigating groundwater quality. This study examines the dependence of permeability on total and connected porosity, hydraulic tortuosity, specific surface area, and mean pore radius based on the data of 408 cubic sub-volumes extracted from heterogeneous and naturally fractured cylindrical carbonate samples, before and after injection of HCl solutions. These parameters were computed using pore-scale modeling of fluid flow. Our results show that permeability correlates well with porosity and mean pore radius, with correlation coefficients of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>≈</mo><mn>0.65</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>0.79</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for heterogeneous samples. It was found that the presence of natural fractures significantly influenced the relationship between permeability and other parameters. The relationship between permeability <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, tortuosity <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and specific surface area <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> is described by the power laws <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>~</mo><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>α</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>~</mo><msup><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>β</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, with coefficients <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> substantially exceeding those in the Kozeny–Carman equation. It was also found that there is a parabolic relationship between connected and total porosities, both before and after rock dissolution with <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>≈</mo><mn>0.96</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>0.99</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. This allowed for an estimation of percolation threshold porosity in accordance with the literature data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:12:44Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:12:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ca61e38685c54556ad036cc7897cfc812024-01-10T14:50:42ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-12-011413410.3390/app14010034Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of Limestone Sub-SamplesZhibek K. Akasheva0Bakytzhan K. Assilbekov1Darezhat A. Bolysbek2Berik Iskakov3Kenbai Sh. Uzbekaliyev4Gani I. Issayev5Laboratory of Computational Modeling and Information Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, KazakhstanLaboratory of Computational Modeling and Information Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, KazakhstanLaboratory of Computational Modeling and Information Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, KazakhstanInstitute of Ionosphere, Almaty 050020, KazakhstanLaboratory of Computational Modeling and Information Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, KazakhstanDepartment of Biology, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, KazakhstanPermeability is a key transport property of porous materials, and its accurate evaluation is relevant when studying applied tasks, such as CO<sub>2</sub> injection into reservoirs and investigating groundwater quality. This study examines the dependence of permeability on total and connected porosity, hydraulic tortuosity, specific surface area, and mean pore radius based on the data of 408 cubic sub-volumes extracted from heterogeneous and naturally fractured cylindrical carbonate samples, before and after injection of HCl solutions. These parameters were computed using pore-scale modeling of fluid flow. Our results show that permeability correlates well with porosity and mean pore radius, with correlation coefficients of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>≈</mo><mn>0.65</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>0.79</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for heterogeneous samples. It was found that the presence of natural fractures significantly influenced the relationship between permeability and other parameters. The relationship between permeability <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, tortuosity <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and specific surface area <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> is described by the power laws <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>~</mo><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>α</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>~</mo><msup><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>β</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, with coefficients <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> substantially exceeding those in the Kozeny–Carman equation. It was also found that there is a parabolic relationship between connected and total porosities, both before and after rock dissolution with <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>≈</mo><mn>0.96</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>0.99</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. This allowed for an estimation of percolation threshold porosity in accordance with the literature data.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/1/34absolute permeabilitypore-scale modelingpercolation threshold porositydissolutionpower lawX-ray microcomputed tomography |
| spellingShingle | Zhibek K. Akasheva Bakytzhan K. Assilbekov Darezhat A. Bolysbek Berik Iskakov Kenbai Sh. Uzbekaliyev Gani I. Issayev Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of Limestone Sub-Samples Applied Sciences absolute permeability pore-scale modeling percolation threshold porosity dissolution power law X-ray microcomputed tomography |
| title | Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of Limestone Sub-Samples |
| title_full | Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of Limestone Sub-Samples |
| title_fullStr | Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of Limestone Sub-Samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of Limestone Sub-Samples |
| title_short | Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of Limestone Sub-Samples |
| title_sort | experimental and numerical study of the effect of rock dissolution on absolute permeability of limestone sub samples |
| topic | absolute permeability pore-scale modeling percolation threshold porosity dissolution power law X-ray microcomputed tomography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/1/34 |
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