Implications of W-Boson Mass Anomaly for Atomic Parity Violation

We consider the implications of the recent measurement of the W-boson mass <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>W</mi></msub><mo>=&l...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hoang Bao Tran Tan, Andrei Derevianko
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-12-01
Series:Atoms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-2004/10/4/149
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Summary:We consider the implications of the recent measurement of the W-boson mass <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>W</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>80,433.5</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>9.4</mn><mspace width="0.166667em"></mspace><mrow><mi>MeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for atomic parity violation experiments. We show that the change in <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>W</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> shifts the Standard Model prediction for the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>133</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>Cs nuclear weak charge to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Q</mi><mi>W</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>133</mn></msup><mi>Cs</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>73.11</mn><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, i.e., by <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>8.5</mn><mi>σ</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> from its current value, and the proton weak charge by 2.7%. The shift in <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Q</mi><mi>W</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>133</mn></msup><mi>Cs</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> ameliorates the tension between existing determinations of its value and motivates more accurate atomic theory calculations, while the shift in <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Q</mi><mi>W</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> inspires next-generation atomic parity violation experiments with hydrogen. Using our revised value for <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Q</mi><mi>W</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>133</mn></msup><mi>Cs</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, we also readjust constraints on parameters of physics beyond the Standard Model. Finally, we reexamine the running of the electroweak coupling for the new W boson mass.
ISSN:2218-2004