Biology and Management of Pest <i>Diabrotica</i> Species in South America
The genus <i>Diabrotica</i> has over 400 described species, the majority of them neotropical. However, only three species of neotropical <i>Diabrotica</i> are considered agricultural pests: <i>D. speciosa</i>, <i>D. balteata</i>, and <i>D. viridu...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/7/421 |
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| author | Guillermo Cabrera Walsh Crébio J. Ávila Nora Cabrera Dori E. Nava Alexandre de Sene Pinto Donald C. Weber |
| author_facet | Guillermo Cabrera Walsh Crébio J. Ávila Nora Cabrera Dori E. Nava Alexandre de Sene Pinto Donald C. Weber |
| author_sort | Guillermo Cabrera Walsh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The genus <i>Diabrotica</i> has over 400 described species, the majority of them neotropical. However, only three species of neotropical <i>Diabrotica</i> are considered agricultural pests: <i>D. speciosa</i>, <i>D. balteata</i>, and <i>D. viridula</i>. <i>D. speciosa</i> and <i>D. balteata</i> are polyphagous both as adults and during the larval stage. <i>D. viridula</i> are stenophagous during the larval stage, feeding essentially on maize roots, and polyphagous as adults. The larvae of the three species are pests on maize, but <i>D. speciosa</i> larvae also feed on potatoes and peanuts, while <i>D. balteata</i> larvae feed on beans and peanuts. None of these species express a winter/dry season egg diapause, displaying instead several continuous, latitude-mediated generations per year. This hinders the use of crop rotation as a management tool, although early planting can help in the temperate regions of the distribution of <i>D. speciosa</i>. The parasitoids of adults, <i>Celatoria bosqi</i> and <i>Centistes gasseni</i>, do not exert much control on <i>Diabrotica</i> populations, or show potential for inundative biocontrol plans. Management options are limited to insecticide applications and Bt genetically modified (GM) maize. Other techniques that show promise are products using <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> and <i>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</i>, semiochemical attractants for monitoring purposes or as toxic baits, and plant resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:37:54Z |
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| id | doaj.art-caaf250c0f0a4cdb857984a38cde2396 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:37:54Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-caaf250c0f0a4cdb857984a38cde23962023-11-20T06:08:14ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502020-07-0111742110.3390/insects11070421Biology and Management of Pest <i>Diabrotica</i> Species in South AmericaGuillermo Cabrera Walsh0Crébio J. Ávila1Nora Cabrera2Dori E. Nava3Alexandre de Sene Pinto4Donald C. Weber5ARS-SABCL/FuEDEI (Foundation for the Study of Invasive Species), Hurlingham B1686EFA, ArgentinaEMBRAPA Agropecuaria Oeste, Dourados, Mato Grosso de Sul Caixa-postal 449, BrazilFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900FWA, ArgentinaEMBRAPA Clima Temperado, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul Caixa-Postal 403, BrazilCentro Universitario Moura Lacerda, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14076-510, BrazilUSDA-ARS Invasive Insect Biocontrol & Behavior Laboratory, Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 10300, USAThe genus <i>Diabrotica</i> has over 400 described species, the majority of them neotropical. However, only three species of neotropical <i>Diabrotica</i> are considered agricultural pests: <i>D. speciosa</i>, <i>D. balteata</i>, and <i>D. viridula</i>. <i>D. speciosa</i> and <i>D. balteata</i> are polyphagous both as adults and during the larval stage. <i>D. viridula</i> are stenophagous during the larval stage, feeding essentially on maize roots, and polyphagous as adults. The larvae of the three species are pests on maize, but <i>D. speciosa</i> larvae also feed on potatoes and peanuts, while <i>D. balteata</i> larvae feed on beans and peanuts. None of these species express a winter/dry season egg diapause, displaying instead several continuous, latitude-mediated generations per year. This hinders the use of crop rotation as a management tool, although early planting can help in the temperate regions of the distribution of <i>D. speciosa</i>. The parasitoids of adults, <i>Celatoria bosqi</i> and <i>Centistes gasseni</i>, do not exert much control on <i>Diabrotica</i> populations, or show potential for inundative biocontrol plans. Management options are limited to insecticide applications and Bt genetically modified (GM) maize. Other techniques that show promise are products using <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> and <i>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</i>, semiochemical attractants for monitoring purposes or as toxic baits, and plant resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/7/421<i>Diabrotica speciosa</i><i>Diabrotica balteata</i><i>Diabrotica viridula</i>rootworm managementmaize pestscucurbitacins |
| spellingShingle | Guillermo Cabrera Walsh Crébio J. Ávila Nora Cabrera Dori E. Nava Alexandre de Sene Pinto Donald C. Weber Biology and Management of Pest <i>Diabrotica</i> Species in South America Insects <i>Diabrotica speciosa</i> <i>Diabrotica balteata</i> <i>Diabrotica viridula</i> rootworm management maize pests cucurbitacins |
| title | Biology and Management of Pest <i>Diabrotica</i> Species in South America |
| title_full | Biology and Management of Pest <i>Diabrotica</i> Species in South America |
| title_fullStr | Biology and Management of Pest <i>Diabrotica</i> Species in South America |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biology and Management of Pest <i>Diabrotica</i> Species in South America |
| title_short | Biology and Management of Pest <i>Diabrotica</i> Species in South America |
| title_sort | biology and management of pest i diabrotica i species in south america |
| topic | <i>Diabrotica speciosa</i> <i>Diabrotica balteata</i> <i>Diabrotica viridula</i> rootworm management maize pests cucurbitacins |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/7/421 |
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