Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Abstract Background Rabbits often suffer from dental disease, including dental abscesses and periodontal/apical infections. With odontogenic infection and abscessation, a bacterial aetiology can be proven by bacterial culture and identification. Although studies exist on the bacterial flora of denta...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1144 |
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| author | Lucas Flenghi Maeva Mazouffre Aurélie Le Loc'h Guillaume Le Loc'h Christophe Bulliot |
| author_facet | Lucas Flenghi Maeva Mazouffre Aurélie Le Loc'h Guillaume Le Loc'h Christophe Bulliot |
| author_sort | Lucas Flenghi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Rabbits often suffer from dental disease, including dental abscesses and periodontal/apical infections. With odontogenic infection and abscessation, a bacterial aetiology can be proven by bacterial culture and identification. Although studies exist on the bacterial flora of dental abscesses, the information available to date on the bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy rabbits is limited. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the cultivable bacterial flora in the oral cavity of healthy, young, pet rabbits and to compare this flora with the pathologic flora of odontogenic abscesses described in the literature. Methods Samples were collected from the oral cavity of 33 healthy, young pet rabbits undergoing routine procedures. Oral cavity culture specimens were collected by rolling a sterile flocked paediatric swab in the mouth. Identification was first attempted by morphological assessment, Gram staining and mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF). Colonies that could not be identified by mass spectrometry were identified by amplification and molecular sequencing of a part of the 16s rRNA gene. Results Bacteria were recovered from 100% of oral swabs; 220 isolates of 35 different genera of bacteria were cultured. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Streptococcus sp. (19.8%), Rothia sp. (17.9%), Enterobacter sp. (7%), Staphylococcus sp. (6.6%) and Actinomyces sp. (5.7%). Four phyla are represented: Proteobacteria (38.3%), Firmicutes (30.5%), Actinobacteria (26.9%) and Bacteroidota (4.3%). Conclusions A wide range of commensal bacteria are present in the mouths of rabbits. Bacterial cultures taken from cases of dental abscesses often reveal bacteria. Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Actinomyces sp. are frequently found in cultures from dental abscesses, in contrast to Rothia and Enterobacter species. Our findings enhance the knowledge of rabbit microbial communities throughout oral cavity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:52:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cab6cf94e26a40e396c64404b8588628 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1095 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:52:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-cab6cf94e26a40e396c64404b85886282023-07-20T08:09:46ZengWileyVeterinary Medicine and Science2053-10952023-07-01941621162610.1002/vms3.1144Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)Lucas Flenghi0Maeva Mazouffre1Aurélie Le Loc'h2Guillaume Le Loc'h3Christophe Bulliot4Exotic pet department Veterinary Hospital Centre of Cordeliers Meaux FranceExotic pet department Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse Toulouse FranceLABO NAC & CO Laboratoire d'analyses NAC et autres espèces Toulouse FranceIHAP, ENVT, INRAE Université de Toulouse Toulouse FranceExotic pet department Veterinary Hospital Centre of Cordeliers Meaux FranceAbstract Background Rabbits often suffer from dental disease, including dental abscesses and periodontal/apical infections. With odontogenic infection and abscessation, a bacterial aetiology can be proven by bacterial culture and identification. Although studies exist on the bacterial flora of dental abscesses, the information available to date on the bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy rabbits is limited. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the cultivable bacterial flora in the oral cavity of healthy, young, pet rabbits and to compare this flora with the pathologic flora of odontogenic abscesses described in the literature. Methods Samples were collected from the oral cavity of 33 healthy, young pet rabbits undergoing routine procedures. Oral cavity culture specimens were collected by rolling a sterile flocked paediatric swab in the mouth. Identification was first attempted by morphological assessment, Gram staining and mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF). Colonies that could not be identified by mass spectrometry were identified by amplification and molecular sequencing of a part of the 16s rRNA gene. Results Bacteria were recovered from 100% of oral swabs; 220 isolates of 35 different genera of bacteria were cultured. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Streptococcus sp. (19.8%), Rothia sp. (17.9%), Enterobacter sp. (7%), Staphylococcus sp. (6.6%) and Actinomyces sp. (5.7%). Four phyla are represented: Proteobacteria (38.3%), Firmicutes (30.5%), Actinobacteria (26.9%) and Bacteroidota (4.3%). Conclusions A wide range of commensal bacteria are present in the mouths of rabbits. Bacterial cultures taken from cases of dental abscesses often reveal bacteria. Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Actinomyces sp. are frequently found in cultures from dental abscesses, in contrast to Rothia and Enterobacter species. Our findings enhance the knowledge of rabbit microbial communities throughout oral cavity.https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1144ARNr 16sbacteriadental abscessesmass spectrometrymicrobiomeoral cavity |
| spellingShingle | Lucas Flenghi Maeva Mazouffre Aurélie Le Loc'h Guillaume Le Loc'h Christophe Bulliot Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Veterinary Medicine and Science ARNr 16s bacteria dental abscesses mass spectrometry microbiome oral cavity |
| title | Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) |
| title_full | Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) |
| title_fullStr | Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) |
| title_short | Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) |
| title_sort | normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits oryctolagus cuniculus |
| topic | ARNr 16s bacteria dental abscesses mass spectrometry microbiome oral cavity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1144 |
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