A Self-Powered and Area Efficient SSHI Rectifier for Piezoelectric Harvesters
This article presents an area efficient fully autonomous piezoelectric energy harvesting system to scavenge energy from periodic vibrations. Extraction rectifier utilized in the system is based on synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (SSHI) technique which enables system to outperform standard...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9521537/ |
| _version_ | 1818646434610675712 |
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| author | Salar Chamanian Berkay Ciftci Ali Muhtaroglu Haluk Kulah |
| author_facet | Salar Chamanian Berkay Ciftci Ali Muhtaroglu Haluk Kulah |
| author_sort | Salar Chamanian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article presents an area efficient fully autonomous piezoelectric energy harvesting system to scavenge energy from periodic vibrations. Extraction rectifier utilized in the system is based on synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (SSHI) technique which enables system to outperform standard passive rectifiers. Compared to conventional SSHI circuits, enhanced SSHI (E-SSHI) system proposed in this paper uses a single low-profile external inductor in the range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{H}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>’s to reduce overall system cost and volume, hence broadening application areas of such harvesting systems. Furthermore, E-SSHI does not include any negative voltage converter circuit and therefore, it offers area efficient AC/DC rectification. Detection of optimal voltage flipping times in E-SSHI technique is conducted autonomously without any external calibration. Energy transfer circuit provides control over how much energy is delivered from E-SSHI output to electronic load. The proposed system is fabricated in 180 nm CMOS process with 0.28 mm<sup>2</sup> active area. It is tested using a commercial piezoelectric transducer MIDE V22BL with periodic excitation. Measured results reveal that E-SSHI circuit is capable of extracting up to 5.23 and 4.02 times more power compared with an ideal full-bridge rectifier at 0.87 V and 2.6 V piezoelectric open circuit voltage amplitudes (V<sub>OC, P</sub>), respectively. A maximum voltage flipping efficiency of 93% is observed at V<sub>OC,P</sub> = 3.6 V, owing to minimized losses on charge flipping path. Measured results are compared with state-of-the-art interface circuits. Comparison shows that E-SSHI design offers a huge step towards miniaturized harvesting systems thanks to its low-profile and fully autonomous design. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:46:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cacabdfe96db4993b17c69402e7c95e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:46:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-cacabdfe96db4993b17c69402e7c95e22022-12-21T22:09:53ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362021-01-01911770311771310.1109/ACCESS.2021.31073659521537A Self-Powered and Area Efficient SSHI Rectifier for Piezoelectric HarvestersSalar Chamanian0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-2672Berkay Ciftci1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7712-7195Ali Muhtaroglu2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8986-2587Haluk Kulah3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1331-4474Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University–Northern Cyprus Campus, Mersin, TurkeyDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, TurkeyThis article presents an area efficient fully autonomous piezoelectric energy harvesting system to scavenge energy from periodic vibrations. Extraction rectifier utilized in the system is based on synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (SSHI) technique which enables system to outperform standard passive rectifiers. Compared to conventional SSHI circuits, enhanced SSHI (E-SSHI) system proposed in this paper uses a single low-profile external inductor in the range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{H}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>’s to reduce overall system cost and volume, hence broadening application areas of such harvesting systems. Furthermore, E-SSHI does not include any negative voltage converter circuit and therefore, it offers area efficient AC/DC rectification. Detection of optimal voltage flipping times in E-SSHI technique is conducted autonomously without any external calibration. Energy transfer circuit provides control over how much energy is delivered from E-SSHI output to electronic load. The proposed system is fabricated in 180 nm CMOS process with 0.28 mm<sup>2</sup> active area. It is tested using a commercial piezoelectric transducer MIDE V22BL with periodic excitation. Measured results reveal that E-SSHI circuit is capable of extracting up to 5.23 and 4.02 times more power compared with an ideal full-bridge rectifier at 0.87 V and 2.6 V piezoelectric open circuit voltage amplitudes (V<sub>OC, P</sub>), respectively. A maximum voltage flipping efficiency of 93% is observed at V<sub>OC,P</sub> = 3.6 V, owing to minimized losses on charge flipping path. Measured results are compared with state-of-the-art interface circuits. Comparison shows that E-SSHI design offers a huge step towards miniaturized harvesting systems thanks to its low-profile and fully autonomous design.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9521537/Autonomouslow-profilepiezoelectric energy harvesterSSHIoptimal charge flippingarea efficient |
| spellingShingle | Salar Chamanian Berkay Ciftci Ali Muhtaroglu Haluk Kulah A Self-Powered and Area Efficient SSHI Rectifier for Piezoelectric Harvesters IEEE Access Autonomous low-profile piezoelectric energy harvester SSHI optimal charge flipping area efficient |
| title | A Self-Powered and Area Efficient SSHI Rectifier for Piezoelectric Harvesters |
| title_full | A Self-Powered and Area Efficient SSHI Rectifier for Piezoelectric Harvesters |
| title_fullStr | A Self-Powered and Area Efficient SSHI Rectifier for Piezoelectric Harvesters |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Self-Powered and Area Efficient SSHI Rectifier for Piezoelectric Harvesters |
| title_short | A Self-Powered and Area Efficient SSHI Rectifier for Piezoelectric Harvesters |
| title_sort | self powered and area efficient sshi rectifier for piezoelectric harvesters |
| topic | Autonomous low-profile piezoelectric energy harvester SSHI optimal charge flipping area efficient |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9521537/ |
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