Dynamics of Different Classes and Subclasses of Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants after Coronavirus Disease 2019 and CoronaVac Vaccination in Thailand
ABSTRACT The humoral immune response plays a key role in protecting the population from SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Patients who recovered from COVID-19 as well as fully vaccinated individuals have elevated levels of antibodies. The dynamic levels of the classes and subclasses of antibody responses to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Society for Microbiology
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | mSphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00465-22 |
| _version_ | 1797901404383215616 |
|---|---|
| author | Prapassorn Poolchanuan Wasin Matsee Sineenart Sengyee Tanaya Siripoon Adul Dulsuk Rungnapa Phunpang Phimphan Pisutsan Watcharapong Piyaphanee Viravarn Luvira Narisara Chantratita |
| author_facet | Prapassorn Poolchanuan Wasin Matsee Sineenart Sengyee Tanaya Siripoon Adul Dulsuk Rungnapa Phunpang Phimphan Pisutsan Watcharapong Piyaphanee Viravarn Luvira Narisara Chantratita |
| author_sort | Prapassorn Poolchanuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT The humoral immune response plays a key role in protecting the population from SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Patients who recovered from COVID-19 as well as fully vaccinated individuals have elevated levels of antibodies. The dynamic levels of the classes and subclasses of antibody responses to new variants that occur in different populations remain unclear. We prospectively recruited 60 participants, including COVID-19 patients and CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals, in Thailand from May to August 2021. Plasma samples were collected on day 0, day 14, and day 28 to determine the dynamic levels of the classes and subclasses of plasma antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the spike protein (S) of four SARS-CoV-2 strains (Wuhan, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results indicated that the patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections had broader class and subclass profiles as well as higher levels of anti-S RBD antibodies to the Wuhan, Alpha, and Delta strains than did the CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals. The median antibody levels increased and subsequently declined in a month in the COVID-19 patients and in the vaccinated group. Correlations of the classes and subclasses of antibodies were observed in the COVID-19 patients but not in the vaccinated individuals. The levels of all of the anti-S RBD antibodies against the Omicron variant were low in the patients and in the vaccinated individuals. Our study revealed distinct antibody profiles between the two cohorts, suggesting different pathways of immune activation. This could have an impact on protection from infections by new variants of concern (VOC). IMPORTANCE The antibody responses to new SARS-CoV-2 variants that occur in different populations remain unclear. In this study, we recruited 60 participants, including COVID-19 patients and CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals, in Thailand and determined the dynamic levels of the IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgG subclasses of antibodies against the spike protein (S) of four SARS-CoV-2 strains. Our results showed that the patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections had broader profiles and higher levels of antibodies to the Wuhan, Alpha, and Delta strains than did the CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals. The antibody levels of both groups increased and subsequently decreased within 1 month. Higher and functional correlations of these antibodies were observed in the COVID-19 patients. The levels of all anti-S RBD antibodies against the Omicron variant were low in patients and vaccinated individuals. Our study revealed distinct antibody responses between the two groups, suggesting different pathways of immune response, which may have an impact on protection from infections by new SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:01:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cacc6c84e0cf4511afb80cbf5dc06fd7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-5042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T09:01:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | mSphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-cacc6c84e0cf4511afb80cbf5dc06fd72023-02-21T14:03:57ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymSphere2379-50422023-02-018110.1128/msphere.00465-22Dynamics of Different Classes and Subclasses of Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants after Coronavirus Disease 2019 and CoronaVac Vaccination in ThailandPrapassorn Poolchanuan0Wasin Matsee1Sineenart Sengyee2Tanaya Siripoon3Adul Dulsuk4Rungnapa Phunpang5Phimphan Pisutsan6Watcharapong Piyaphanee7Viravarn Luvira8Narisara Chantratita9Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandThai Travel Clinic, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandThai Travel Clinic, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandThai Travel Clinic, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandABSTRACT The humoral immune response plays a key role in protecting the population from SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Patients who recovered from COVID-19 as well as fully vaccinated individuals have elevated levels of antibodies. The dynamic levels of the classes and subclasses of antibody responses to new variants that occur in different populations remain unclear. We prospectively recruited 60 participants, including COVID-19 patients and CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals, in Thailand from May to August 2021. Plasma samples were collected on day 0, day 14, and day 28 to determine the dynamic levels of the classes and subclasses of plasma antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the spike protein (S) of four SARS-CoV-2 strains (Wuhan, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results indicated that the patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections had broader class and subclass profiles as well as higher levels of anti-S RBD antibodies to the Wuhan, Alpha, and Delta strains than did the CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals. The median antibody levels increased and subsequently declined in a month in the COVID-19 patients and in the vaccinated group. Correlations of the classes and subclasses of antibodies were observed in the COVID-19 patients but not in the vaccinated individuals. The levels of all of the anti-S RBD antibodies against the Omicron variant were low in the patients and in the vaccinated individuals. Our study revealed distinct antibody profiles between the two cohorts, suggesting different pathways of immune activation. This could have an impact on protection from infections by new variants of concern (VOC). IMPORTANCE The antibody responses to new SARS-CoV-2 variants that occur in different populations remain unclear. In this study, we recruited 60 participants, including COVID-19 patients and CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals, in Thailand and determined the dynamic levels of the IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgG subclasses of antibodies against the spike protein (S) of four SARS-CoV-2 strains. Our results showed that the patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections had broader profiles and higher levels of antibodies to the Wuhan, Alpha, and Delta strains than did the CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals. The antibody levels of both groups increased and subsequently decreased within 1 month. Higher and functional correlations of these antibodies were observed in the COVID-19 patients. The levels of all anti-S RBD antibodies against the Omicron variant were low in patients and vaccinated individuals. Our study revealed distinct antibody responses between the two groups, suggesting different pathways of immune response, which may have an impact on protection from infections by new SARS-CoV-2 variants.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00465-22COVID-19antibodyIgGIgAIgMvaccine |
| spellingShingle | Prapassorn Poolchanuan Wasin Matsee Sineenart Sengyee Tanaya Siripoon Adul Dulsuk Rungnapa Phunpang Phimphan Pisutsan Watcharapong Piyaphanee Viravarn Luvira Narisara Chantratita Dynamics of Different Classes and Subclasses of Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants after Coronavirus Disease 2019 and CoronaVac Vaccination in Thailand mSphere COVID-19 antibody IgG IgA IgM vaccine |
| title | Dynamics of Different Classes and Subclasses of Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants after Coronavirus Disease 2019 and CoronaVac Vaccination in Thailand |
| title_full | Dynamics of Different Classes and Subclasses of Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants after Coronavirus Disease 2019 and CoronaVac Vaccination in Thailand |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics of Different Classes and Subclasses of Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants after Coronavirus Disease 2019 and CoronaVac Vaccination in Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of Different Classes and Subclasses of Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants after Coronavirus Disease 2019 and CoronaVac Vaccination in Thailand |
| title_short | Dynamics of Different Classes and Subclasses of Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants after Coronavirus Disease 2019 and CoronaVac Vaccination in Thailand |
| title_sort | dynamics of different classes and subclasses of antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants after coronavirus disease 2019 and coronavac vaccination in thailand |
| topic | COVID-19 antibody IgG IgA IgM vaccine |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msphere.00465-22 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT prapassornpoolchanuan dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT wasinmatsee dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT sineenartsengyee dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT tanayasiripoon dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT aduldulsuk dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT rungnapaphunpang dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT phimphanpisutsan dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT watcharapongpiyaphanee dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT viravarnluvira dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand AT narisarachantratita dynamicsofdifferentclassesandsubclassesofantibodyresponsestosevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2variantsaftercoronavirusdisease2019andcoronavacvaccinationinthailand |