Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier <it>in vitro</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>The glio-vascular unit (G-unit) plays a prominent role in maintaining homeostasis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and disturbances in cells forming this unit may seriously dysregulate BBB. The direct and indirect effects of cytokines on cellular components of th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2011-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Neuroinflammation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jneuroinflammation.com/content/8/1/162 |
| _version_ | 1819030185330081792 |
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| author | Chaitanya Ganta V Cromer Walter E Wells Shannon R Jennings Merilyn H Couraud P Olivier Romero Ignacio A Weksler Babette Erdreich-Epstein Anat Mathis J Michael Minagar Alireza Alexander J Steven |
| author_facet | Chaitanya Ganta V Cromer Walter E Wells Shannon R Jennings Merilyn H Couraud P Olivier Romero Ignacio A Weksler Babette Erdreich-Epstein Anat Mathis J Michael Minagar Alireza Alexander J Steven |
| author_sort | Chaitanya Ganta V |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>The glio-vascular unit (G-unit) plays a prominent role in maintaining homeostasis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and disturbances in cells forming this unit may seriously dysregulate BBB. The direct and indirect effects of cytokines on cellular components of the BBB are not yet unclear. The present study compares the effects of cytokines and cytokine-treated astrocytes on brain endothelial barrier. 3-dimensional transwell co-cultures of brain endothelium and related-barrier forming cells with astrocytes were used to investigate gliovascular barrier responses to cytokines during pathological stresses. Gliovascular barrier was measured using trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), a sensitive index of <it>in vitro </it>barrier integrity. We found that neither TNF-α, IL-1β or IFN-γ directly reduced barrier in human or mouse brain endothelial cells or ECV-304 barrier (independent of cell viability/metabolism), but found that astrocyte exposure to cytokines in co-culture significantly reduced endothelial (and ECV-304) barrier. These results indicate that the barrier established by human and mouse brain endothelial cells (and other cells) may respond positively to cytokines alone, but that during pathological conditions, cytokines dysregulate the barrier forming cells indirectly through astrocyte activation involving reorganization of junctions, matrix, focal adhesion or release of barrier modulating factors (e.g. oxidants, MMPs).</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T06:26:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cadb4363a0b5479cb61508bd5a9c8814 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1742-2094 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T06:26:08Z |
| publishDate | 2011-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Neuroinflammation |
| spelling | doaj.art-cadb4363a0b5479cb61508bd5a9c88142022-12-21T19:13:08ZengBMCJournal of Neuroinflammation1742-20942011-11-018116210.1186/1742-2094-8-162Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier <it>in vitro</it>Chaitanya Ganta VCromer Walter EWells Shannon RJennings Merilyn HCouraud P OlivierRomero Ignacio AWeksler BabetteErdreich-Epstein AnatMathis J MichaelMinagar AlirezaAlexander J Steven<p>Abstract</p> <p>The glio-vascular unit (G-unit) plays a prominent role in maintaining homeostasis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and disturbances in cells forming this unit may seriously dysregulate BBB. The direct and indirect effects of cytokines on cellular components of the BBB are not yet unclear. The present study compares the effects of cytokines and cytokine-treated astrocytes on brain endothelial barrier. 3-dimensional transwell co-cultures of brain endothelium and related-barrier forming cells with astrocytes were used to investigate gliovascular barrier responses to cytokines during pathological stresses. Gliovascular barrier was measured using trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), a sensitive index of <it>in vitro </it>barrier integrity. We found that neither TNF-α, IL-1β or IFN-γ directly reduced barrier in human or mouse brain endothelial cells or ECV-304 barrier (independent of cell viability/metabolism), but found that astrocyte exposure to cytokines in co-culture significantly reduced endothelial (and ECV-304) barrier. These results indicate that the barrier established by human and mouse brain endothelial cells (and other cells) may respond positively to cytokines alone, but that during pathological conditions, cytokines dysregulate the barrier forming cells indirectly through astrocyte activation involving reorganization of junctions, matrix, focal adhesion or release of barrier modulating factors (e.g. oxidants, MMPs).</p>http://www.jneuroinflammation.com/content/8/1/162TNF-αIL-1βIFN-γBrain endotheliumAstrocytesCo-cultureMono-Culture |
| spellingShingle | Chaitanya Ganta V Cromer Walter E Wells Shannon R Jennings Merilyn H Couraud P Olivier Romero Ignacio A Weksler Babette Erdreich-Epstein Anat Mathis J Michael Minagar Alireza Alexander J Steven Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier <it>in vitro</it> Journal of Neuroinflammation TNF-α IL-1β IFN-γ Brain endothelium Astrocytes Co-culture Mono-Culture |
| title | Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier <it>in vitro</it> |
| title_full | Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier <it>in vitro</it> |
| title_fullStr | Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier <it>in vitro</it> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier <it>in vitro</it> |
| title_short | Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier <it>in vitro</it> |
| title_sort | gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier it in vitro it |
| topic | TNF-α IL-1β IFN-γ Brain endothelium Astrocytes Co-culture Mono-Culture |
| url | http://www.jneuroinflammation.com/content/8/1/162 |
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