<i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> Polymorphisms Amplify the Risk of Carotid Plaque Formation
Introduction: Atherosclerosis represents the process by which fibrous plaques are formed in the arterial wall, increasing its rigidity with a subsequent decrease in blood flow which can lead to several cardiovascular events. Seeing as vitamin K antagonists are involved in the pathogenesis of atheros...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/7/822 |
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| author | Stefan Cristian Vesa Sonia Irina Vlaicu Vitalie Vacaras Sorin Crisan Octavia Sabin Sergiu Pasca Adrian Pavel Trifa Tamas Rusz-Fogarasi Madalina Sava Anca Dana Buzoianu |
| author_facet | Stefan Cristian Vesa Sonia Irina Vlaicu Vitalie Vacaras Sorin Crisan Octavia Sabin Sergiu Pasca Adrian Pavel Trifa Tamas Rusz-Fogarasi Madalina Sava Anca Dana Buzoianu |
| author_sort | Stefan Cristian Vesa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Atherosclerosis represents the process by which fibrous plaques are formed in the arterial wall, increasing its rigidity with a subsequent decrease in blood flow which can lead to several cardiovascular events. Seeing as vitamin K antagonists are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we decided to investigate whether polymorphisms in genes that influence vitamin K metabolism might have an impact in modulating the risk of plaque formation. Patients and Methods: In the current study we included adult patients admitted in the Clinical Municipal Hospital of Cluj-Napoca without any carotid or femoral plaques clinically visible at the initial investigation, and a five year follow-up was subsequently performed. We recorded the following patient characteristics: age at inclusion, gender, area of living, smoking, presence of carotid and/or femoral plaques at five years, ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, drug (oral anticoagulants, antihypertensives, hypolipidemic, anti-diabetic) use and status for the following gene polymorphisms: VKORC1 1639 G>A, CYP4F2 1347 G>T and GGCX 12970 C>G. Results: We observed that the major predictor of both carotid and femoral plaque formation is represented by ischemic cardiac disease. VKORC1 and CYP4F2 polymorphisms did not predict plaque formation, except for VKORC1 homozygous mutants. Nonetheless, both VKORC1 and CYP4F2 interacted with ischemic cardiac disease, increasing the risk of developing a carotid plaque, while only CYP4F2, but not VKORC1, interacted with ischemic cardiac disease to increase the risk of femoral plaque formation. Conclusions: We documented that CYP4F2 and VKORC1 polymorphisms boost the proinflammatory plaque environment (observed indirectly through the presence of ischemic heart disease), increasing the risk of plaque development. |
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| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:22:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-cadd612f1ba94e6c951c9dac5d8a26b92023-11-20T07:17:24ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-07-0111782210.3390/genes11070822<i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> Polymorphisms Amplify the Risk of Carotid Plaque FormationStefan Cristian Vesa0Sonia Irina Vlaicu1Vitalie Vacaras2Sorin Crisan3Octavia Sabin4Sergiu Pasca5Adrian Pavel Trifa6Tamas Rusz-Fogarasi7Madalina Sava8Anca Dana Buzoianu9Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine, 1st Medical Clinic, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400486 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine, 5th Medical Clinic, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaMedfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Medical Genetics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Surgery, 1st Surgical Clinic, Emergency County Hospital, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Dermatology, Emergency County Hospital, 410032 Oradea, RomaniaDepartment of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaIntroduction: Atherosclerosis represents the process by which fibrous plaques are formed in the arterial wall, increasing its rigidity with a subsequent decrease in blood flow which can lead to several cardiovascular events. Seeing as vitamin K antagonists are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we decided to investigate whether polymorphisms in genes that influence vitamin K metabolism might have an impact in modulating the risk of plaque formation. Patients and Methods: In the current study we included adult patients admitted in the Clinical Municipal Hospital of Cluj-Napoca without any carotid or femoral plaques clinically visible at the initial investigation, and a five year follow-up was subsequently performed. We recorded the following patient characteristics: age at inclusion, gender, area of living, smoking, presence of carotid and/or femoral plaques at five years, ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, drug (oral anticoagulants, antihypertensives, hypolipidemic, anti-diabetic) use and status for the following gene polymorphisms: VKORC1 1639 G>A, CYP4F2 1347 G>T and GGCX 12970 C>G. Results: We observed that the major predictor of both carotid and femoral plaque formation is represented by ischemic cardiac disease. VKORC1 and CYP4F2 polymorphisms did not predict plaque formation, except for VKORC1 homozygous mutants. Nonetheless, both VKORC1 and CYP4F2 interacted with ischemic cardiac disease, increasing the risk of developing a carotid plaque, while only CYP4F2, but not VKORC1, interacted with ischemic cardiac disease to increase the risk of femoral plaque formation. Conclusions: We documented that CYP4F2 and VKORC1 polymorphisms boost the proinflammatory plaque environment (observed indirectly through the presence of ischemic heart disease), increasing the risk of plaque development.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/7/822atherosclerosis<i>VKORC1</i> polymorphism<i>CYP4F2</i> polymorphism |
| spellingShingle | Stefan Cristian Vesa Sonia Irina Vlaicu Vitalie Vacaras Sorin Crisan Octavia Sabin Sergiu Pasca Adrian Pavel Trifa Tamas Rusz-Fogarasi Madalina Sava Anca Dana Buzoianu <i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> Polymorphisms Amplify the Risk of Carotid Plaque Formation Genes atherosclerosis <i>VKORC1</i> polymorphism <i>CYP4F2</i> polymorphism |
| title | <i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> Polymorphisms Amplify the Risk of Carotid Plaque Formation |
| title_full | <i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> Polymorphisms Amplify the Risk of Carotid Plaque Formation |
| title_fullStr | <i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> Polymorphisms Amplify the Risk of Carotid Plaque Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> Polymorphisms Amplify the Risk of Carotid Plaque Formation |
| title_short | <i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> Polymorphisms Amplify the Risk of Carotid Plaque Formation |
| title_sort | i cyp4f2 i and i vkorc1 i polymorphisms amplify the risk of carotid plaque formation |
| topic | atherosclerosis <i>VKORC1</i> polymorphism <i>CYP4F2</i> polymorphism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/7/822 |
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