Application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate Ga, Ge and In utilizing solvent extraction: A review
Due to the sudden rise in demand, a shortfall in the supply of critical metals or high technology metals, especially gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge) and indium (In) is experienced throughout the globe. The different primary and secondary resources are being utilized to recover and recycle these metals...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ionic Liquids |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277242202400003X |
| _version_ | 1797300314352648192 |
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| author | Soniya Dhiman Shubhangee Agarwal Himanshu Gupta |
| author_facet | Soniya Dhiman Shubhangee Agarwal Himanshu Gupta |
| author_sort | Soniya Dhiman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to the sudden rise in demand, a shortfall in the supply of critical metals or high technology metals, especially gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge) and indium (In) is experienced throughout the globe. The different primary and secondary resources are being utilized to recover and recycle these metals through the widely accepted technique, solvent extraction (SX). The extraction of metals may be potentially achieved by compounds of negligible volatility, phosphonium ionic liquids (Phos ILs). Ionic liquids (ILs) are potential and useful compounds to separate and recover Ga, Ge and In from synthetic solutions and waste materials due to their tunable nature to achieve higher selectivity, superior physicochemical properties and diverse structural properties. Ion exchange mechanism was mainly found applicable for the extractive separation of such metals through Phos ILs. Based on the efficiency, extraction mechanism and diverse operating conditions of Phos ILs, the present review provides a comprehensive description of separation as well as recovery of Ga, Ge and In from the synthetic solutions as well as waste materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T23:05:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cae93e28faa94d7c80476f00c4eb3243 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-4220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T23:05:29Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ionic Liquids |
| spelling | doaj.art-cae93e28faa94d7c80476f00c4eb32432024-02-22T04:53:48ZengElsevierJournal of Ionic Liquids2772-42202024-06-0141100080Application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate Ga, Ge and In utilizing solvent extraction: A reviewSoniya Dhiman0Shubhangee Agarwal1Himanshu Gupta2Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India; Corresponding author.Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad 244102, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad 244102, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDue to the sudden rise in demand, a shortfall in the supply of critical metals or high technology metals, especially gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge) and indium (In) is experienced throughout the globe. The different primary and secondary resources are being utilized to recover and recycle these metals through the widely accepted technique, solvent extraction (SX). The extraction of metals may be potentially achieved by compounds of negligible volatility, phosphonium ionic liquids (Phos ILs). Ionic liquids (ILs) are potential and useful compounds to separate and recover Ga, Ge and In from synthetic solutions and waste materials due to their tunable nature to achieve higher selectivity, superior physicochemical properties and diverse structural properties. Ion exchange mechanism was mainly found applicable for the extractive separation of such metals through Phos ILs. Based on the efficiency, extraction mechanism and diverse operating conditions of Phos ILs, the present review provides a comprehensive description of separation as well as recovery of Ga, Ge and In from the synthetic solutions as well as waste materials.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277242202400003XPhosphonium ionic liquidsSolvent extractionRecoveryGalliumGermaniumIndium |
| spellingShingle | Soniya Dhiman Shubhangee Agarwal Himanshu Gupta Application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate Ga, Ge and In utilizing solvent extraction: A review Journal of Ionic Liquids Phosphonium ionic liquids Solvent extraction Recovery Gallium Germanium Indium |
| title | Application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate Ga, Ge and In utilizing solvent extraction: A review |
| title_full | Application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate Ga, Ge and In utilizing solvent extraction: A review |
| title_fullStr | Application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate Ga, Ge and In utilizing solvent extraction: A review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate Ga, Ge and In utilizing solvent extraction: A review |
| title_short | Application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate Ga, Ge and In utilizing solvent extraction: A review |
| title_sort | application of phosphonium ionic liquids to separate ga ge and in utilizing solvent extraction a review |
| topic | Phosphonium ionic liquids Solvent extraction Recovery Gallium Germanium Indium |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277242202400003X |
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