Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, China
Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus expresses numerous toxins, many of which are strongly believed to be responsible for specific symptoms and even diseases, making it significant in the pathogenesis of human health. Enterotoxins, which are vital toxins, are associated with foodborne illnesses...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03027-0 |
| _version_ | 1827724292362600448 |
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| author | Qi Chen Gang Zhao Wei Yang Fuhong Chen Yan Qi Zhengqing Lou |
| author_facet | Qi Chen Gang Zhao Wei Yang Fuhong Chen Yan Qi Zhengqing Lou |
| author_sort | Qi Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus expresses numerous toxins, many of which are strongly believed to be responsible for specific symptoms and even diseases, making it significant in the pathogenesis of human health. Enterotoxins, which are vital toxins, are associated with foodborne illnesses that manifest through symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea. In the present study, 264 S. aureus isolates obtained from various retail foods in Hangzhou, China were further investigated the profiles of enterotoxin genes and genetic backgrounds. Results Approximately, 64.02% of the isolates from diverse sources contained at least one Staphylococcal Enterotoxin (SE) genes, displaying a total of 36 distinct combinations. Enterotoxin gene cluster (egc) encoded enterotoxin genes, normally designated by seg, sei, sem, sen, seo and selu, plus with sep were more frequently detected (33.73%, each). In contrast, see, ses and set were absent in any of the isolates tested. A total of 44 sequence types (STs), 20 clonal complexes (CCs) and 66 different staphylococcal protein A (spa) types (including six novel types) were identified among those 169 SE-positive isolates. Moreover, nineteen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were identified. The majority of those isolates belonged to the CC59-Sccmec IVa cluster and carried the seb-sek-seq gene cluster. The egc cluster, either coexisting with or without other enterotoxin genes, was observed in all isolates allocated into CC5, CC9, CC20, CC25, CC72 and ST672. Irrespective of the spa types and origins of the food, it appeared that seh was a distinct genetic element present in isolates belonging to the CC1 clonal lineage. Conclusions The results not only proposed a suspected relationship between distribution of enterotoxigenic strains and genetic backgrounds, but also attributed the presence of novel enterotoxins to potential hazards in food safety. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:12:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-caedb4f8dfdd46af9cc7838d3d0cc07c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:12:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-caedb4f8dfdd46af9cc7838d3d0cc07c2023-11-19T12:32:56ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802023-10-0123111010.1186/s12866-023-03027-0Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, ChinaQi Chen0Gang Zhao1Wei Yang2Fuhong Chen3Yan Qi4Zhengqing Lou5Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityAbstract Background Staphylococcus aureus expresses numerous toxins, many of which are strongly believed to be responsible for specific symptoms and even diseases, making it significant in the pathogenesis of human health. Enterotoxins, which are vital toxins, are associated with foodborne illnesses that manifest through symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea. In the present study, 264 S. aureus isolates obtained from various retail foods in Hangzhou, China were further investigated the profiles of enterotoxin genes and genetic backgrounds. Results Approximately, 64.02% of the isolates from diverse sources contained at least one Staphylococcal Enterotoxin (SE) genes, displaying a total of 36 distinct combinations. Enterotoxin gene cluster (egc) encoded enterotoxin genes, normally designated by seg, sei, sem, sen, seo and selu, plus with sep were more frequently detected (33.73%, each). In contrast, see, ses and set were absent in any of the isolates tested. A total of 44 sequence types (STs), 20 clonal complexes (CCs) and 66 different staphylococcal protein A (spa) types (including six novel types) were identified among those 169 SE-positive isolates. Moreover, nineteen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were identified. The majority of those isolates belonged to the CC59-Sccmec IVa cluster and carried the seb-sek-seq gene cluster. The egc cluster, either coexisting with or without other enterotoxin genes, was observed in all isolates allocated into CC5, CC9, CC20, CC25, CC72 and ST672. Irrespective of the spa types and origins of the food, it appeared that seh was a distinct genetic element present in isolates belonging to the CC1 clonal lineage. Conclusions The results not only proposed a suspected relationship between distribution of enterotoxigenic strains and genetic backgrounds, but also attributed the presence of novel enterotoxins to potential hazards in food safety.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03027-0Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcal enterotoxinsGene clusterClonal complexesspa types |
| spellingShingle | Qi Chen Gang Zhao Wei Yang Fuhong Chen Yan Qi Zhengqing Lou Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, China BMC Microbiology Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcal enterotoxins Gene cluster Clonal complexes spa types |
| title | Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, China |
| title_full | Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, China |
| title_fullStr | Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, China |
| title_short | Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, China |
| title_sort | investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in hangzhou china |
| topic | Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcal enterotoxins Gene cluster Clonal complexes spa types |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03027-0 |
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