Hybrid Gravitational–Firefly Algorithm-Based Load Frequency Control for Hydrothermal Two-Area System
The load frequency control (LFC) and tie-line power are the key deciding factors to evaluate the performance of a multiarea power system. In this paper, the performance analysis of a two-area power system is presented. This analysis is based on two performance metrics: LFC and tie-line power. The po...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| author | Deepak Kumar Gupta Ankit Kumar Soni Amitkumar V. Jha Sunil Kumar Mishra Bhargav Appasani Avireni Srinivasulu Nicu Bizon Phatiphat Thounthong |
| author_facet | Deepak Kumar Gupta Ankit Kumar Soni Amitkumar V. Jha Sunil Kumar Mishra Bhargav Appasani Avireni Srinivasulu Nicu Bizon Phatiphat Thounthong |
| author_sort | Deepak Kumar Gupta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The load frequency control (LFC) and tie-line power are the key deciding factors to evaluate the performance of a multiarea power system. In this paper, the performance analysis of a two-area power system is presented. This analysis is based on two performance metrics: LFC and tie-line power. The power system consists of a thermal plant generation system and a hydro plant generation system. The performance is evaluated by designing a proportional plus integral (PI) controller. The hybrid gravitational search with firefly algorithm (hGFA) has been devised to achieve proper tuning of the controller parameter. The designed algorithm involves integral time absolute error (ITAE) as an objective function. For two-area hydrothermal power systems, the load frequency and tie-line power are correlated with the system generation capacity and the load. Any deviation in the generation and in the load capacity causes variations in the load frequencies, as well as in the tie-line power. Variations from the nominal value may hamper the operation of the power system with adverse consequences. Hence, performance of the hydrothermal power system is analyzed using the simulations based on the step load change. To elucidate the efficacy of the hGFA, the performance is compared with some of the well-known optimization techniques, namely, particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and the firefly algorithm (FA). |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:54:35Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-caedff9a09b2490a9fb1ccd7d356b6a62023-11-21T12:00:55ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902021-03-019771210.3390/math9070712Hybrid Gravitational–Firefly Algorithm-Based Load Frequency Control for Hydrothermal Two-Area SystemDeepak Kumar Gupta0Ankit Kumar Soni1Amitkumar V. Jha2Sunil Kumar Mishra3Bhargav Appasani4Avireni Srinivasulu5Nicu Bizon6Phatiphat Thounthong7School of Electrical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, IndiaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, IndiaSchool of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, IndiaSchool of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, IndiaSchool of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, IndiaDepartment of Electronics Engineering, JECRC University, Jaipur 303905, IndiaFaculty of Electronics, Communication and Computers, University of Pitesti, 110040 Pitesti, RomaniaRenewable Energy Research Centre (RERC), Department of Teacher Training in Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Education, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518, Pracharat 1 Road, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, ThailandThe load frequency control (LFC) and tie-line power are the key deciding factors to evaluate the performance of a multiarea power system. In this paper, the performance analysis of a two-area power system is presented. This analysis is based on two performance metrics: LFC and tie-line power. The power system consists of a thermal plant generation system and a hydro plant generation system. The performance is evaluated by designing a proportional plus integral (PI) controller. The hybrid gravitational search with firefly algorithm (hGFA) has been devised to achieve proper tuning of the controller parameter. The designed algorithm involves integral time absolute error (ITAE) as an objective function. For two-area hydrothermal power systems, the load frequency and tie-line power are correlated with the system generation capacity and the load. Any deviation in the generation and in the load capacity causes variations in the load frequencies, as well as in the tie-line power. Variations from the nominal value may hamper the operation of the power system with adverse consequences. Hence, performance of the hydrothermal power system is analyzed using the simulations based on the step load change. To elucidate the efficacy of the hGFA, the performance is compared with some of the well-known optimization techniques, namely, particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and the firefly algorithm (FA).https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/7/712load frequency controlautomatic generation controlcontrollersoptimization techniquesmultisource power systeminterconnected power system |
| spellingShingle | Deepak Kumar Gupta Ankit Kumar Soni Amitkumar V. Jha Sunil Kumar Mishra Bhargav Appasani Avireni Srinivasulu Nicu Bizon Phatiphat Thounthong Hybrid Gravitational–Firefly Algorithm-Based Load Frequency Control for Hydrothermal Two-Area System Mathematics load frequency control automatic generation control controllers optimization techniques multisource power system interconnected power system |
| title | Hybrid Gravitational–Firefly Algorithm-Based Load Frequency Control for Hydrothermal Two-Area System |
| title_full | Hybrid Gravitational–Firefly Algorithm-Based Load Frequency Control for Hydrothermal Two-Area System |
| title_fullStr | Hybrid Gravitational–Firefly Algorithm-Based Load Frequency Control for Hydrothermal Two-Area System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hybrid Gravitational–Firefly Algorithm-Based Load Frequency Control for Hydrothermal Two-Area System |
| title_short | Hybrid Gravitational–Firefly Algorithm-Based Load Frequency Control for Hydrothermal Two-Area System |
| title_sort | hybrid gravitational firefly algorithm based load frequency control for hydrothermal two area system |
| topic | load frequency control automatic generation control controllers optimization techniques multisource power system interconnected power system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/7/712 |
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