Analysis of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against Toxoplasma Gondii, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus in vitiligo
Background: Pathogen infections have been associated with autoimmunity, which in turn has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. However, the association between pathogen infections and vitiligo remains elusive. Aims: This study aimed to assess the proportion of individuals who tested posi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Dermatology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.e-ijd.org/article.asp?issn=0019-5154;year=2023;volume=68;issue=5;spage=588;epage=588;aulast=01 |
| _version_ | 1797351989491793920 |
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| author | Rachel de Paula S Ribeiro Kenia A. P Lacerda Lídia A Guillo |
| author_facet | Rachel de Paula S Ribeiro Kenia A. P Lacerda Lídia A Guillo |
| author_sort | Rachel de Paula S Ribeiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Pathogen infections have been associated with autoimmunity, which in turn has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. However, the association between pathogen infections and vitiligo remains elusive. Aims: This study aimed to assess the proportion of individuals who tested positive for specific IgG antibodies against selected pathogens in patients with vitiligo and control subjects. Materials and Methods: Plasma from 51 patients with vitiligo and 51 age- and gender-matched controls were tested for anti-Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) IgG, anti-herpes simplex types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) IgG, anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG and anti-hepatitis C virus IgG. Results: Among all participants (n = 102), 63%, 84% and 87% tested positive for anti-T. gondii, anti-HSV-1/2 and anti-CMV IgG antibodies, respectively. Anti-hepatitis C virus IgG was negative in all samples tested. Positive anti-T. gondii IgG was detected in plasma samples of 39 (78%) patients with vitiligo and 25 (49%) controls (odds ratio [OR] 3.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55–8.76, P = 0.0036). Anti-HSV-1/2 IgG was detected in samples of 47 (92%) patients with vitiligo and 38 (76%) controls (OR 3.71, 95% CI 1.11–12.44, P = 0.031). Differences in frequencies of positive results for anti-T. gondii IgG and anti-HSV-1/2 IgG were only significant in samples from female patients with vitiligo when compared with controls (P = 0.036 and 0.024, respectively). Anti-CMV IgG was detected in samples from 46 patients with vitiligo (90%) and 41 (84%) controls (P = 0.384). Conclusions: T. gondii IgG and HSV-1/2 IgG were significantly more frequent in patients with vitiligo, especially in women, when compared with age- and gender-matched controls. Since T. gondii and HSV-1/2 infections can trigger autoimmune events, past exposure to these pathogens may be a risk factor for the development of vitiligo. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:09:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cb076c4a2780481f91100d616d4a3fb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0019-5154 1998-3611 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:09:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Dermatology |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb076c4a2780481f91100d616d4a3fb02024-01-18T15:41:25ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Dermatology0019-51541998-36112023-01-0168558858810.4103/ijd.ijd_950_22Analysis of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against Toxoplasma Gondii, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus in vitiligoRachel de Paula S RibeiroKenia A. P LacerdaLídia A GuilloBackground: Pathogen infections have been associated with autoimmunity, which in turn has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. However, the association between pathogen infections and vitiligo remains elusive. Aims: This study aimed to assess the proportion of individuals who tested positive for specific IgG antibodies against selected pathogens in patients with vitiligo and control subjects. Materials and Methods: Plasma from 51 patients with vitiligo and 51 age- and gender-matched controls were tested for anti-Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) IgG, anti-herpes simplex types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) IgG, anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG and anti-hepatitis C virus IgG. Results: Among all participants (n = 102), 63%, 84% and 87% tested positive for anti-T. gondii, anti-HSV-1/2 and anti-CMV IgG antibodies, respectively. Anti-hepatitis C virus IgG was negative in all samples tested. Positive anti-T. gondii IgG was detected in plasma samples of 39 (78%) patients with vitiligo and 25 (49%) controls (odds ratio [OR] 3.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55–8.76, P = 0.0036). Anti-HSV-1/2 IgG was detected in samples of 47 (92%) patients with vitiligo and 38 (76%) controls (OR 3.71, 95% CI 1.11–12.44, P = 0.031). Differences in frequencies of positive results for anti-T. gondii IgG and anti-HSV-1/2 IgG were only significant in samples from female patients with vitiligo when compared with controls (P = 0.036 and 0.024, respectively). Anti-CMV IgG was detected in samples from 46 patients with vitiligo (90%) and 41 (84%) controls (P = 0.384). Conclusions: T. gondii IgG and HSV-1/2 IgG were significantly more frequent in patients with vitiligo, especially in women, when compared with age- and gender-matched controls. Since T. gondii and HSV-1/2 infections can trigger autoimmune events, past exposure to these pathogens may be a risk factor for the development of vitiligo.http://www.e-ijd.org/article.asp?issn=0019-5154;year=2023;volume=68;issue=5;spage=588;epage=588;aulast=01autoimmunityherpes simples virus antibodiesserologyt. gondii antibodiesvitiligo |
| spellingShingle | Rachel de Paula S Ribeiro Kenia A. P Lacerda Lídia A Guillo Analysis of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against Toxoplasma Gondii, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus in vitiligo Indian Journal of Dermatology autoimmunity herpes simples virus antibodies serology t. gondii antibodies vitiligo |
| title | Analysis of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against Toxoplasma Gondii, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus in vitiligo |
| title_full | Analysis of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against Toxoplasma Gondii, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus in vitiligo |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against Toxoplasma Gondii, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus in vitiligo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against Toxoplasma Gondii, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus in vitiligo |
| title_short | Analysis of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against Toxoplasma Gondii, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus in vitiligo |
| title_sort | analysis of serum immunoglobulin g igg levels against toxoplasma gondii herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 cytomegalovirus and hepatitis c virus in vitiligo |
| topic | autoimmunity herpes simples virus antibodies serology t. gondii antibodies vitiligo |
| url | http://www.e-ijd.org/article.asp?issn=0019-5154;year=2023;volume=68;issue=5;spage=588;epage=588;aulast=01 |
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