<i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Increases the Effect of Digluconate Chlorhexidine on Microcosm Biofilms
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> essential oil and its association with chlorhexidine on cariogenic microcosm biofilm composition and acidogenicity. Minimum inhibitory and bactericide concentrations from the essential oil and chlorhexidin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1067 |
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| author | Luís Felipe Garcia Leal Mouta Raquel Souza Marques Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito Marcos José Salvador Elisa Maria Aparecida Giro Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti |
| author_facet | Luís Felipe Garcia Leal Mouta Raquel Souza Marques Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito Marcos José Salvador Elisa Maria Aparecida Giro Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti |
| author_sort | Luís Felipe Garcia Leal Mouta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> essential oil and its association with chlorhexidine on cariogenic microcosm biofilm composition and acidogenicity. Minimum inhibitory and bactericide concentrations from the essential oil and chlorhexidine were determined by broth microdilution assay. Microcosms (polymicrobial) biofilms were produced on glass coverslips, using inoculum from human saliva in McBain culture medium (0.5% sucrose exposure for 6 h/day) for 3 days in 24-well plates. The biofilms were treated twice a day and their composition was evaluated by microorganism quantification. The acidogenicity was evaluated by measuring the pH of the spent culture medium in contact with the biofilm. Overall, the association of <i>C. citratus</i> and chlorhexidine reduced total bacterial counts and aciduric bacteria (maximum reduction of 3.55 log UFC/mL) in microcosm biofilms. This group also presented the lowest acidogenicity even when exposed to sucrose-containing medium. <i>C. citratus</i> essential oil increases the effect of digluconate chlorhexidine on microcosm biofilms. Based on these findings, this study can contribute to the development of new formulations that might allow for the use of mouthwashes for a shorter period, which may reduce undesirable effects and increase patient compliance to the treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:38:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cb3a421950af461ab36658e7cb8cf9c4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:38:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb3a421950af461ab36658e7cb8cf9c42023-11-24T01:46:59ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-09-011110106710.3390/pathogens11101067<i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Increases the Effect of Digluconate Chlorhexidine on Microcosm BiofilmsLuís Felipe Garcia Leal Mouta0Raquel Souza Marques1Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito2Marcos José Salvador3Elisa Maria Aparecida Giro4Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti5Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University—UNESP, R Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara 14801-903, BrazilDepartment of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University—UNESP, R Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara 14801-903, BrazilDepartment of Environment Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Av Eng Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos 12245-000, BrazilDepartment of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, R Carlos Gomes, 241, Campinas 13083-970, BrazilDepartment of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University—UNESP, R Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara 14801-903, BrazilDepartment of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University—UNESP, R Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara 14801-903, BrazilThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> essential oil and its association with chlorhexidine on cariogenic microcosm biofilm composition and acidogenicity. Minimum inhibitory and bactericide concentrations from the essential oil and chlorhexidine were determined by broth microdilution assay. Microcosms (polymicrobial) biofilms were produced on glass coverslips, using inoculum from human saliva in McBain culture medium (0.5% sucrose exposure for 6 h/day) for 3 days in 24-well plates. The biofilms were treated twice a day and their composition was evaluated by microorganism quantification. The acidogenicity was evaluated by measuring the pH of the spent culture medium in contact with the biofilm. Overall, the association of <i>C. citratus</i> and chlorhexidine reduced total bacterial counts and aciduric bacteria (maximum reduction of 3.55 log UFC/mL) in microcosm biofilms. This group also presented the lowest acidogenicity even when exposed to sucrose-containing medium. <i>C. citratus</i> essential oil increases the effect of digluconate chlorhexidine on microcosm biofilms. Based on these findings, this study can contribute to the development of new formulations that might allow for the use of mouthwashes for a shorter period, which may reduce undesirable effects and increase patient compliance to the treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1067biofilmessential oilsphytotherapydental cariesbiological products |
| spellingShingle | Luís Felipe Garcia Leal Mouta Raquel Souza Marques Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito Marcos José Salvador Elisa Maria Aparecida Giro Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Increases the Effect of Digluconate Chlorhexidine on Microcosm Biofilms Pathogens biofilm essential oils phytotherapy dental caries biological products |
| title | <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Increases the Effect of Digluconate Chlorhexidine on Microcosm Biofilms |
| title_full | <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Increases the Effect of Digluconate Chlorhexidine on Microcosm Biofilms |
| title_fullStr | <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Increases the Effect of Digluconate Chlorhexidine on Microcosm Biofilms |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Increases the Effect of Digluconate Chlorhexidine on Microcosm Biofilms |
| title_short | <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Increases the Effect of Digluconate Chlorhexidine on Microcosm Biofilms |
| title_sort | i cymbopogon citratus i essential oil increases the effect of digluconate chlorhexidine on microcosm biofilms |
| topic | biofilm essential oils phytotherapy dental caries biological products |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1067 |
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