Wood Vinegar Promotes Soil Health and the Productivity of Cowpea
Wood vinegar (WV) is a biostimulant and a biopesticide that contains pyroligneous acid and is used as a crop growth enhancer and biocontrol agent, but insufficient information exists on WV’s effects on soil quality and cowpea production in Ghana. A field study (2 years) was conducted to determine th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2497 |
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| author | Edwin K. Akley Peter A. Y. Ampim Eric Obeng Sophia Sanyare Mawuli Yevu Eric Owusu Danquah Ophelia Asirifi Amoako Theophilus K. Tengey Justice K. Avedzi Vincent K. Avornyo Abdul Fatawu Neindow Abdul Fatawu Seidu |
| author_facet | Edwin K. Akley Peter A. Y. Ampim Eric Obeng Sophia Sanyare Mawuli Yevu Eric Owusu Danquah Ophelia Asirifi Amoako Theophilus K. Tengey Justice K. Avedzi Vincent K. Avornyo Abdul Fatawu Neindow Abdul Fatawu Seidu |
| author_sort | Edwin K. Akley |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wood vinegar (WV) is a biostimulant and a biopesticide that contains pyroligneous acid and is used as a crop growth enhancer and biocontrol agent, but insufficient information exists on WV’s effects on soil quality and cowpea production in Ghana. A field study (2 years) was conducted to determine the appropriate method of applying WV for soil health and cowpea production, and to determine the economic benefits of WV. Assessments were on nodulation, shoot biomass, yield, value–cost ratio, soil enzymes, soil respiration, microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), permanganate-oxidizable carbon (POXC), mineralizable C, soil pH, available nitrogen and phosphorus. Results revealed soil drenching and foliar application are efficient methods of applying WV to achieve greater shoot dry matter, nodulation and grain yield of cowpea. Economically, soil drenching, followed by foliar application, generated better economic returns than the control. Adding WV to cowpea using soil drenching and foliar application improved soil health indicators. Soil enzymes and MBN were enhanced by WV applied foliarly and through soil drenching. Soil drenching with WV produced greater POXC and mineralizable C compared to the other treatments. Conclusively, WV applied foliarly and through soil drenching improved soil health, nodulation and yields of cowpea, and enhanced profitability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:30:43Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:30:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb42852c66774f4bad8d1778092040fc2023-11-19T15:21:01ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-09-011310249710.3390/agronomy13102497Wood Vinegar Promotes Soil Health and the Productivity of CowpeaEdwin K. Akley0Peter A. Y. Ampim1Eric Obeng2Sophia Sanyare3Mawuli Yevu4Eric Owusu Danquah5Ophelia Asirifi Amoako6Theophilus K. Tengey7Justice K. Avedzi8Vincent K. Avornyo9Abdul Fatawu Neindow10Abdul Fatawu Seidu11Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Tamale P.O. Box TL 52, GhanaDepartment of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology and Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Prairie View A&M University, P.O. Box 519, MS 2008, Prairie View, TX 77446, USADepartment of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology and Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Prairie View A&M University, P.O. Box 519, MS 2008, Prairie View, TX 77446, USACouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Tamale P.O. Box TL 52, GhanaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Tamale P.O. Box TL 52, GhanaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Crop Research Institute, Kumasi P.O. Box 3785, GhanaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Tamale P.O. Box TL 52, GhanaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Tamale P.O. Box TL 52, GhanaDepartment of Soil Science, University for Development Studies, Tamale P.O. Box TL 1882, GhanaDepartment of Soil Science, University for Development Studies, Tamale P.O. Box TL 1882, GhanaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Tamale P.O. Box TL 52, GhanaDepartment of Agriculture, Tolon District Assembly, Tolon P.O. Box TN 4, GhanaWood vinegar (WV) is a biostimulant and a biopesticide that contains pyroligneous acid and is used as a crop growth enhancer and biocontrol agent, but insufficient information exists on WV’s effects on soil quality and cowpea production in Ghana. A field study (2 years) was conducted to determine the appropriate method of applying WV for soil health and cowpea production, and to determine the economic benefits of WV. Assessments were on nodulation, shoot biomass, yield, value–cost ratio, soil enzymes, soil respiration, microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), permanganate-oxidizable carbon (POXC), mineralizable C, soil pH, available nitrogen and phosphorus. Results revealed soil drenching and foliar application are efficient methods of applying WV to achieve greater shoot dry matter, nodulation and grain yield of cowpea. Economically, soil drenching, followed by foliar application, generated better economic returns than the control. Adding WV to cowpea using soil drenching and foliar application improved soil health indicators. Soil enzymes and MBN were enhanced by WV applied foliarly and through soil drenching. Soil drenching with WV produced greater POXC and mineralizable C compared to the other treatments. Conclusively, WV applied foliarly and through soil drenching improved soil health, nodulation and yields of cowpea, and enhanced profitability.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2497pyroligneous acidsoil qualitysoil enzymescowpea grain yieldsoil drenchingfoliar application |
| spellingShingle | Edwin K. Akley Peter A. Y. Ampim Eric Obeng Sophia Sanyare Mawuli Yevu Eric Owusu Danquah Ophelia Asirifi Amoako Theophilus K. Tengey Justice K. Avedzi Vincent K. Avornyo Abdul Fatawu Neindow Abdul Fatawu Seidu Wood Vinegar Promotes Soil Health and the Productivity of Cowpea Agronomy pyroligneous acid soil quality soil enzymes cowpea grain yield soil drenching foliar application |
| title | Wood Vinegar Promotes Soil Health and the Productivity of Cowpea |
| title_full | Wood Vinegar Promotes Soil Health and the Productivity of Cowpea |
| title_fullStr | Wood Vinegar Promotes Soil Health and the Productivity of Cowpea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wood Vinegar Promotes Soil Health and the Productivity of Cowpea |
| title_short | Wood Vinegar Promotes Soil Health and the Productivity of Cowpea |
| title_sort | wood vinegar promotes soil health and the productivity of cowpea |
| topic | pyroligneous acid soil quality soil enzymes cowpea grain yield soil drenching foliar application |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2497 |
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