Clinicopathological Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (OCT-3/4 and SOX-2) in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is highly prevalent in South East Asia with higher rates of malignant transformation in Indian subcontinent. Numerous biomarkers are now being studied to predict disease prognosis and detect malignant alterations at an early stage. Patients with clinically and biopsy-p...
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2023-03-01
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| author | Divyambika Catakapatri Venugopal Cynthia Leslie Caleb Nandhini Priyadarshini Kirupakaran Vidyarani Shyamsundar Soundharya Ravindran Madhavan Yasasve Arvind Krishnamurthy Thamizhchelvan Harikrishnan Sathasivasubramanian Sankarapandian Vijayalakshmi Ramshankar |
| author_facet | Divyambika Catakapatri Venugopal Cynthia Leslie Caleb Nandhini Priyadarshini Kirupakaran Vidyarani Shyamsundar Soundharya Ravindran Madhavan Yasasve Arvind Krishnamurthy Thamizhchelvan Harikrishnan Sathasivasubramanian Sankarapandian Vijayalakshmi Ramshankar |
| author_sort | Divyambika Catakapatri Venugopal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is highly prevalent in South East Asia with higher rates of malignant transformation in Indian subcontinent. Numerous biomarkers are now being studied to predict disease prognosis and detect malignant alterations at an early stage. Patients with clinically and biopsy-proven oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study as the experimental group, while patients without a tobacco or betel nut habit who had their third molars surgically removed were included as the healthy control group. For the immunohistochemistry (IHC) investigation, 5-μm slices from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPE) were obtained. Fresh tissues (<i>n</i> = 45) from all three groups were collected and gene expression was studied using relative quantitation-based qPCR. The protein expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT 3/4) and sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX 2) was evaluated in the experimental group and compared with healthy controls. The IHC results showed a significant correlation with the expression of OCT 3/4 (<i>p</i> value = 0.000; χ2 = 20.244) and SOX 2 (<i>p</i> value = 0.006; χ2 = 10.101) among OSCC and OSMF patients in comparison to healthy controls. Both OCT 3/4 and SOX 2 showed overexpression of four-fold and three-fold in OSMF when compared to OSCC and healthy controls, respectively. This study shows the significant importance of cancer stem cell markers OCT 3/4 and SOX 2 to assess the disease prognosis in OSMF. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:13:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cb51100528a2440bbcbb55d4abd49e732023-11-17T18:25:41ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-03-01114104010.3390/biomedicines11041040Clinicopathological Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (OCT-3/4 and SOX-2) in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell CarcinomaDivyambika Catakapatri Venugopal0Cynthia Leslie Caleb1Nandhini Priyadarshini Kirupakaran2Vidyarani Shyamsundar3Soundharya Ravindran4Madhavan Yasasve5Arvind Krishnamurthy6Thamizhchelvan Harikrishnan7Sathasivasubramanian Sankarapandian8Vijayalakshmi Ramshankar9Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, IndiaDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, IndiaDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, IndiaCentre for Oral Cancer Prevention and Research, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, IndiaDepartment of Preventive Oncology (Research), Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600020, IndiaDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, IndiaDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600020, IndiaDepartment of Oral Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, IndiaDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, IndiaDepartment of Preventive Oncology (Research), Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600020, IndiaOral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is highly prevalent in South East Asia with higher rates of malignant transformation in Indian subcontinent. Numerous biomarkers are now being studied to predict disease prognosis and detect malignant alterations at an early stage. Patients with clinically and biopsy-proven oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study as the experimental group, while patients without a tobacco or betel nut habit who had their third molars surgically removed were included as the healthy control group. For the immunohistochemistry (IHC) investigation, 5-μm slices from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPE) were obtained. Fresh tissues (<i>n</i> = 45) from all three groups were collected and gene expression was studied using relative quantitation-based qPCR. The protein expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT 3/4) and sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX 2) was evaluated in the experimental group and compared with healthy controls. The IHC results showed a significant correlation with the expression of OCT 3/4 (<i>p</i> value = 0.000; χ2 = 20.244) and SOX 2 (<i>p</i> value = 0.006; χ2 = 10.101) among OSCC and OSMF patients in comparison to healthy controls. Both OCT 3/4 and SOX 2 showed overexpression of four-fold and three-fold in OSMF when compared to OSCC and healthy controls, respectively. This study shows the significant importance of cancer stem cell markers OCT 3/4 and SOX 2 to assess the disease prognosis in OSMF.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/4/1040oral submucous fibrosisimmunohistochemistrymalignant transformationreal-time PCRoctamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT-3/4)sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX-2) |
| spellingShingle | Divyambika Catakapatri Venugopal Cynthia Leslie Caleb Nandhini Priyadarshini Kirupakaran Vidyarani Shyamsundar Soundharya Ravindran Madhavan Yasasve Arvind Krishnamurthy Thamizhchelvan Harikrishnan Sathasivasubramanian Sankarapandian Vijayalakshmi Ramshankar Clinicopathological Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (OCT-3/4 and SOX-2) in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Biomedicines oral submucous fibrosis immunohistochemistry malignant transformation real-time PCR octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT-3/4) sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX-2) |
| title | Clinicopathological Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (OCT-3/4 and SOX-2) in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full | Clinicopathological Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (OCT-3/4 and SOX-2) in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Clinicopathological Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (OCT-3/4 and SOX-2) in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinicopathological Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (OCT-3/4 and SOX-2) in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_short | Clinicopathological Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers (OCT-3/4 and SOX-2) in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_sort | clinicopathological significance of cancer stem cell markers oct 3 4 and sox 2 in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| topic | oral submucous fibrosis immunohistochemistry malignant transformation real-time PCR octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT-3/4) sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX-2) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/4/1040 |
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