Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their Function
In highly organized multicellular organisms such as humans, the functions of an individual cell are dependent on signal transduction through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and subsequently heterotrimeric G proteins. As most of the elements belonging to the signal transduction system are bound t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/3/222 |
| _version_ | 1797540583293583360 |
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| author | Agnieszka Polit Paweł Mystek Ewa Błasiak |
| author_facet | Agnieszka Polit Paweł Mystek Ewa Błasiak |
| author_sort | Agnieszka Polit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In highly organized multicellular organisms such as humans, the functions of an individual cell are dependent on signal transduction through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and subsequently heterotrimeric G proteins. As most of the elements belonging to the signal transduction system are bound to lipid membranes, researchers are showing increasing interest in studying the accompanying protein–lipid interactions, which have been demonstrated to not only provide the environment but also regulate proper and efficient signal transduction. The mode of interaction between the cell membrane and G proteins is well known. Despite this, the recognition mechanisms at the molecular level and how the individual G protein-membrane attachment signals are interrelated in the process of the complex control of membrane targeting of G proteins remain unelucidated. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which mammalian Gα subunits of G proteins interact with lipids and the factors responsible for the specificity of membrane association. We summarize recent data on how these signaling proteins are precisely targeted to a specific site in the membrane region by introducing well-defined modifications as well as through the presence of polybasic regions within these proteins and interactions with other components of the heterocomplex. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:03:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cb537985aa1943f3a7ce81f6b7f2c9ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:03:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb537985aa1943f3a7ce81f6b7f2c9ec2023-11-21T11:21:06ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752021-03-0111322210.3390/membranes11030222Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their FunctionAgnieszka Polit0Paweł Mystek1Ewa Błasiak2Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, PolandIn highly organized multicellular organisms such as humans, the functions of an individual cell are dependent on signal transduction through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and subsequently heterotrimeric G proteins. As most of the elements belonging to the signal transduction system are bound to lipid membranes, researchers are showing increasing interest in studying the accompanying protein–lipid interactions, which have been demonstrated to not only provide the environment but also regulate proper and efficient signal transduction. The mode of interaction between the cell membrane and G proteins is well known. Despite this, the recognition mechanisms at the molecular level and how the individual G protein-membrane attachment signals are interrelated in the process of the complex control of membrane targeting of G proteins remain unelucidated. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which mammalian Gα subunits of G proteins interact with lipids and the factors responsible for the specificity of membrane association. We summarize recent data on how these signaling proteins are precisely targeted to a specific site in the membrane region by introducing well-defined modifications as well as through the presence of polybasic regions within these proteins and interactions with other components of the heterocomplex.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/3/222G proteinsmembrane domainssignal transductionG-protein-coupled receptorsGTP-binding proteinslipids |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka Polit Paweł Mystek Ewa Błasiak Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their Function Membranes G proteins membrane domains signal transduction G-protein-coupled receptors GTP-binding proteins lipids |
| title | Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their Function |
| title_full | Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their Function |
| title_fullStr | Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their Function |
| title_short | Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their Function |
| title_sort | every detail matters that is how the interaction between gα proteins and membrane affects their function |
| topic | G proteins membrane domains signal transduction G-protein-coupled receptors GTP-binding proteins lipids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/3/222 |
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