New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with an inflammatory demyelinating basis and a progressive course. The course of the disease is very diverse and unpredictable. Patients face many problems on a daily basis, such as problems with visio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/11/3592 |
| _version_ | 1797548573269688320 |
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| author | Ewa Zielińska-Nowak Lidia Włodarczyk Joanna Kostka Elżbieta Miller |
| author_facet | Ewa Zielińska-Nowak Lidia Włodarczyk Joanna Kostka Elżbieta Miller |
| author_sort | Ewa Zielińska-Nowak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with an inflammatory demyelinating basis and a progressive course. The course of the disease is very diverse and unpredictable. Patients face many problems on a daily basis, such as problems with vision; sensory, balance, and gait disturbances; pain; muscle weakness; spasticity; tremor; urinary and fecal disorders; depression; and rapidly growing fatigue, which significantly influences quality of life among MS patients. Excessive fatigue occurs in most MS patients in all stages of this disease and is named MS-related fatigue. The crucial issue is the lack of effective treatment; therefore, this review focuses not only on the most common treatment methods, but also on additional novel therapies such as whole-body cryotherapy (WBC), functional electrical stimulation (FES), and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). We also highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the most popular clinical scales used to measure fatigue. The entire understanding of the origins of MS-related fatigue may lead to the development of more effective strategies that can improve quality of life among MS patients. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PEDro databases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:02:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cb5711be8a134c8f86e80d83ec75f1ef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:02:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb5711be8a134c8f86e80d83ec75f1ef2023-11-20T20:07:27ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-11-01911359210.3390/jcm9113592New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple SclerosisEwa Zielińska-Nowak0Lidia Włodarczyk1Joanna Kostka2Elżbieta Miller3Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Milionowa 14, 90-001 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Occupational Diseases and Environmental Health, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Gerontology, Medical University of Lodz, Milionowa 14, 90-001 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Neurological Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Milionowa 14, 90-001 Lodz, PolandMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with an inflammatory demyelinating basis and a progressive course. The course of the disease is very diverse and unpredictable. Patients face many problems on a daily basis, such as problems with vision; sensory, balance, and gait disturbances; pain; muscle weakness; spasticity; tremor; urinary and fecal disorders; depression; and rapidly growing fatigue, which significantly influences quality of life among MS patients. Excessive fatigue occurs in most MS patients in all stages of this disease and is named MS-related fatigue. The crucial issue is the lack of effective treatment; therefore, this review focuses not only on the most common treatment methods, but also on additional novel therapies such as whole-body cryotherapy (WBC), functional electrical stimulation (FES), and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). We also highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the most popular clinical scales used to measure fatigue. The entire understanding of the origins of MS-related fatigue may lead to the development of more effective strategies that can improve quality of life among MS patients. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PEDro databases.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/11/3592multiple sclerosisfatiguepharmacological treatmentrehabilitationphysical activityaerobic training |
| spellingShingle | Ewa Zielińska-Nowak Lidia Włodarczyk Joanna Kostka Elżbieta Miller New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis Journal of Clinical Medicine multiple sclerosis fatigue pharmacological treatment rehabilitation physical activity aerobic training |
| title | New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_full | New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_short | New Strategies for Rehabilitation and Pharmacological Treatment of Fatigue Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis |
| title_sort | new strategies for rehabilitation and pharmacological treatment of fatigue syndrome in multiple sclerosis |
| topic | multiple sclerosis fatigue pharmacological treatment rehabilitation physical activity aerobic training |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/11/3592 |
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