Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species
Ginsenosides, which contain one triterpene and one or more sugar moieties, are the major bioactive compounds of ginseng. The aim of this study was to develop and optimize a specific and reliable ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/22/4065 |
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| author | Ling Yang Chi-Lin Li Yung-Yi Cheng Tung-Hu Tsai |
| author_facet | Ling Yang Chi-Lin Li Yung-Yi Cheng Tung-Hu Tsai |
| author_sort | Ling Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ginsenosides, which contain one triterpene and one or more sugar moieties, are the major bioactive compounds of ginseng. The aim of this study was to develop and optimize a specific and reliable ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of twelve different resources of ginseng. The six marker compounds of ginsenoside Rb<sub>1</sub>, ginsenoside Rb<sub>2</sub>, ginsenoside Rc, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Re, and ginsenoside Rg<sub>1</sub>, as well as an internal standard, were separated by a reversed-phase C-18 column with a gradient elution of water and methanol-acetonitrile. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used to quantify and identify twelve market products. The results demonstrated that not only is the logarithm of its partition coefficient (cLog P; octanol-water partition coefficient) one of the factors, but also the number of sugars, position of sugars, and position of the hydroxyl groups are involved in the complicated separation factors for the analytes in the analytical system. If the amount of ginsenoside Rb<sub>1</sub> was higher than 40 mg/g, then the species might be <i>Panax quinquefolius,</i> based on the results of the marker ginsenoside contents of various varieties. In summary, this study provides a rapid and precise analytical method for identifying the various ginsenosides from different species, geographic environments, and cultivation cultures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:53:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cb619dbb17e747a3a5ec481054ab6fa0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:53:33Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb619dbb17e747a3a5ec481054ab6fa02022-12-22T01:15:17ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-11-012422406510.3390/molecules24224065molecules24224065Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng SpeciesLing Yang0Chi-Lin Li1Yung-Yi Cheng2Tung-Hu Tsai3Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, TaiwanInstitute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, TaiwanNatural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USAInstitute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, TaiwanGinsenosides, which contain one triterpene and one or more sugar moieties, are the major bioactive compounds of ginseng. The aim of this study was to develop and optimize a specific and reliable ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of twelve different resources of ginseng. The six marker compounds of ginsenoside Rb<sub>1</sub>, ginsenoside Rb<sub>2</sub>, ginsenoside Rc, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Re, and ginsenoside Rg<sub>1</sub>, as well as an internal standard, were separated by a reversed-phase C-18 column with a gradient elution of water and methanol-acetonitrile. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used to quantify and identify twelve market products. The results demonstrated that not only is the logarithm of its partition coefficient (cLog P; octanol-water partition coefficient) one of the factors, but also the number of sugars, position of sugars, and position of the hydroxyl groups are involved in the complicated separation factors for the analytes in the analytical system. If the amount of ginsenoside Rb<sub>1</sub> was higher than 40 mg/g, then the species might be <i>Panax quinquefolius,</i> based on the results of the marker ginsenoside contents of various varieties. In summary, this study provides a rapid and precise analytical method for identifying the various ginsenosides from different species, geographic environments, and cultivation cultures.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/22/4065ginseng speciesginsenosidestraditional chinese medicineultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| spellingShingle | Ling Yang Chi-Lin Li Yung-Yi Cheng Tung-Hu Tsai Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species Molecules ginseng species ginsenosides traditional chinese medicine ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| title | Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species |
| title_full | Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species |
| title_fullStr | Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species |
| title_short | Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species |
| title_sort | development of a validated uplc ms ms method for analyzing major ginseng saponins from various ginseng species |
| topic | ginseng species ginsenosides traditional chinese medicine ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/22/4065 |
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