Development of Planar Illumination Strategies for Solving Mysteries in the Sub-Cellular Realm
Optical microscopy has vastly expanded the frontiers of structural and functional biology, due to the non-invasive probing of dynamic volumes in vivo. However, traditional widefield microscopy illuminating the entire field of view (FOV) is adversely affected by out-of-focus light scatter. Consequent...
Main Authors: | , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/3/1643 |
Summary: | Optical microscopy has vastly expanded the frontiers of structural and functional biology, due to the non-invasive probing of dynamic volumes in vivo. However, traditional widefield microscopy illuminating the entire field of view (FOV) is adversely affected by out-of-focus light scatter. Consequently, standard upright or inverted microscopes are inept in sampling diffraction-limited volumes smaller than the optical system’s point spread function (PSF). Over the last few decades, several planar and structured (sinusoidal) illumination modalities have offered unprecedented access to sub-cellular organelles and 4D (3D + time) image acquisition. Furthermore, these optical sectioning systems remain unaffected by the size of biological samples, providing high signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios for objective lenses (OLs) with long working distances (WDs). This review aims to guide biologists regarding planar illumination strategies, capable of harnessing sub-micron spatial resolution with a millimeter depth of penetration. |
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ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |