Comparative Genomic Analysis Determines the Functional Genes Related to Bile Salt Resistance in <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i>
<i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> has drawn attention because of its promising probiotic functions. Tolerance to the gastrointestinal tract condition is crucial for orally administrated probiotics to exert their functions. However, previous studies of <i>L. salivarius</i> have...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2038 |
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| author | Qiqi Pan Xudan Shen Leilei Yu Fengwei Tian Jianxin Zhao Hao Zhang Wei Chen Qixiao Zhai |
| author_facet | Qiqi Pan Xudan Shen Leilei Yu Fengwei Tian Jianxin Zhao Hao Zhang Wei Chen Qixiao Zhai |
| author_sort | Qiqi Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> has drawn attention because of its promising probiotic functions. Tolerance to the gastrointestinal tract condition is crucial for orally administrated probiotics to exert their functions. However, previous studies of <i>L. salivarius</i> have only focused on the bile salt resistance of particular strains, without uncovering the common molecular mechanisms of this species. Therefore, in this study, we expanded our research to 90 <i>L. salivarius</i> strains to explore their common functional genes for bile salt resistance. First, the survival rates of the 90 <i>L. salivarius</i> strains in 0.3% bile salt solutions were determined. Comparative genomics analysis was then performed to screen for the potential functional genes related to bile salt tolerance. Next, real-time polymerase chain reaction and gene knockout experiments were conducted to further verify the tolerance-related functional genes. The results indicated that the strain-dependent bile salt tolerance of <i>L. salivarius</i> was mainly associated with four peptidoglycan synthesis-related genes, seven phosphotransferase system-related genes, and one chaperone-encoding gene involved in the stress response. Among them, the GATase1-encoding gene showed the most significant association with bile salt tolerance. In addition, four genes related to DNA damage repair and substance transport were redundant in the strains with high bile salt tolerance. Besides, cluster analysis showed that bile salt hydrolases did not contribute to the bile salt tolerance of <i>L. salivarius</i>. In this study, we determined the global regulatory genes, including <i>LSL_1568</i>, <i>LSL_1716</i> and <i>LSL_1709</i>, for bile salt tolerance in <i>L. salivarius</i> and provided a potential method for the rapid screening of bile salt-tolerant <i>L. salivarius</i> strains, based on PCR amplification of functional genes. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:22:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cb80e39677f540a18a7d91480231b9722023-11-22T19:13:15ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-09-01910203810.3390/microorganisms9102038Comparative Genomic Analysis Determines the Functional Genes Related to Bile Salt Resistance in <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i>Qiqi Pan0Xudan Shen1Leilei Yu2Fengwei Tian3Jianxin Zhao4Hao Zhang5Wei Chen6Qixiao Zhai7State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China<i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> has drawn attention because of its promising probiotic functions. Tolerance to the gastrointestinal tract condition is crucial for orally administrated probiotics to exert their functions. However, previous studies of <i>L. salivarius</i> have only focused on the bile salt resistance of particular strains, without uncovering the common molecular mechanisms of this species. Therefore, in this study, we expanded our research to 90 <i>L. salivarius</i> strains to explore their common functional genes for bile salt resistance. First, the survival rates of the 90 <i>L. salivarius</i> strains in 0.3% bile salt solutions were determined. Comparative genomics analysis was then performed to screen for the potential functional genes related to bile salt tolerance. Next, real-time polymerase chain reaction and gene knockout experiments were conducted to further verify the tolerance-related functional genes. The results indicated that the strain-dependent bile salt tolerance of <i>L. salivarius</i> was mainly associated with four peptidoglycan synthesis-related genes, seven phosphotransferase system-related genes, and one chaperone-encoding gene involved in the stress response. Among them, the GATase1-encoding gene showed the most significant association with bile salt tolerance. In addition, four genes related to DNA damage repair and substance transport were redundant in the strains with high bile salt tolerance. Besides, cluster analysis showed that bile salt hydrolases did not contribute to the bile salt tolerance of <i>L. salivarius</i>. In this study, we determined the global regulatory genes, including <i>LSL_1568</i>, <i>LSL_1716</i> and <i>LSL_1709</i>, for bile salt tolerance in <i>L. salivarius</i> and provided a potential method for the rapid screening of bile salt-tolerant <i>L. salivarius</i> strains, based on PCR amplification of functional genes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2038comparative genomics<i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i>bile salt tolerance |
| spellingShingle | Qiqi Pan Xudan Shen Leilei Yu Fengwei Tian Jianxin Zhao Hao Zhang Wei Chen Qixiao Zhai Comparative Genomic Analysis Determines the Functional Genes Related to Bile Salt Resistance in <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> Microorganisms comparative genomics <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> bile salt tolerance |
| title | Comparative Genomic Analysis Determines the Functional Genes Related to Bile Salt Resistance in <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> |
| title_full | Comparative Genomic Analysis Determines the Functional Genes Related to Bile Salt Resistance in <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Genomic Analysis Determines the Functional Genes Related to Bile Salt Resistance in <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Genomic Analysis Determines the Functional Genes Related to Bile Salt Resistance in <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> |
| title_short | Comparative Genomic Analysis Determines the Functional Genes Related to Bile Salt Resistance in <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> |
| title_sort | comparative genomic analysis determines the functional genes related to bile salt resistance in i lactobacillus salivarius i |
| topic | comparative genomics <i>Lactobacillus salivarius</i> bile salt tolerance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2038 |
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