Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants
Background Autotoxicity is an intraspecific manifestation of allelopathy in plant species. The specialized metabolites and their derivatives that cause intraspecific allelopathic inhibition in the plant are known as autotoxic substances. Consequently, autotoxic substances production seriously affect...
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-12-01
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| author | Bei Wu Shangli Shi Huihui Zhang Baofu Lu Pan Nan Yun A |
| author_facet | Bei Wu Shangli Shi Huihui Zhang Baofu Lu Pan Nan Yun A |
| author_sort | Bei Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Autotoxicity is an intraspecific manifestation of allelopathy in plant species. The specialized metabolites and their derivatives that cause intraspecific allelopathic inhibition in the plant are known as autotoxic substances. Consequently, autotoxic substances production seriously affects the renewal and stability of ecological communities. Methods This article systematically summarizes the types of autotoxic substances present in different plants. They mainly include phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and nitrogenous organic compounds. Phenolic coumarins are the main autotoxic substances in many plants. Therefore, we also discuss differences in coumarin types and content among plant varieties, developmental stages, and tissue parts, as well as their mechanisms of autotoxicity. In addition, we review the metabolic pathways involved in coumarin biosynthesis, the key enzymes, genes, and transcription factors, as well as factors affecting coumarin biosynthesis. Results Coumarin biosynthesis involves three stages: (1) the formation of the coumarin nucleus; (2) acylation, hydroxylation, and cyclization; (3) structural modification. The key enzymes involved in the coumarin nuclear formation stage include PAL, C4H, 4CL, HCT, CAOMT, COSY, F6’H, and CCoAOMT1, and the key genes involved include BGA, CYP450 and MDR, among others. Ortho-hydroxylation is a key step in coumarin biosynthesis and PS, COSY and S8H are the key enzymes involved in this process. Finally, UGTs are responsible for the glycosylation modification of coumarins, and the MaUGT gene may therefore be involved in coumarin biosynthesis. Conclusion It is important to elucidate the autotoxicity and anabolic mechanisms of coumarins to create new germplasms that produce fewer autotoxic substances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:56:34Z |
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| id | doaj.art-cb813c347c6e4df683f2a2bf50a967aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:56:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
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| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb813c347c6e4df683f2a2bf50a967aa2023-12-08T15:05:19ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-12-0111e1650810.7717/peerj.16508Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plantsBei Wu0Shangli Shi1Huihui Zhang2Baofu Lu3Pan Nan4Yun A5Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, ChinaBackground Autotoxicity is an intraspecific manifestation of allelopathy in plant species. The specialized metabolites and their derivatives that cause intraspecific allelopathic inhibition in the plant are known as autotoxic substances. Consequently, autotoxic substances production seriously affects the renewal and stability of ecological communities. Methods This article systematically summarizes the types of autotoxic substances present in different plants. They mainly include phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and nitrogenous organic compounds. Phenolic coumarins are the main autotoxic substances in many plants. Therefore, we also discuss differences in coumarin types and content among plant varieties, developmental stages, and tissue parts, as well as their mechanisms of autotoxicity. In addition, we review the metabolic pathways involved in coumarin biosynthesis, the key enzymes, genes, and transcription factors, as well as factors affecting coumarin biosynthesis. Results Coumarin biosynthesis involves three stages: (1) the formation of the coumarin nucleus; (2) acylation, hydroxylation, and cyclization; (3) structural modification. The key enzymes involved in the coumarin nuclear formation stage include PAL, C4H, 4CL, HCT, CAOMT, COSY, F6’H, and CCoAOMT1, and the key genes involved include BGA, CYP450 and MDR, among others. Ortho-hydroxylation is a key step in coumarin biosynthesis and PS, COSY and S8H are the key enzymes involved in this process. Finally, UGTs are responsible for the glycosylation modification of coumarins, and the MaUGT gene may therefore be involved in coumarin biosynthesis. Conclusion It is important to elucidate the autotoxicity and anabolic mechanisms of coumarins to create new germplasms that produce fewer autotoxic substances.https://peerj.com/articles/16508.pdfPlantsAutotoxic substancesCoumarinsAnabolic metabolismKey enzymes and genes |
| spellingShingle | Bei Wu Shangli Shi Huihui Zhang Baofu Lu Pan Nan Yun A Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants PeerJ Plants Autotoxic substances Coumarins Anabolic metabolism Key enzymes and genes |
| title | Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants |
| title_full | Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants |
| title_fullStr | Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants |
| title_short | Anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants |
| title_sort | anabolic metabolism of autotoxic substance coumarins in plants |
| topic | Plants Autotoxic substances Coumarins Anabolic metabolism Key enzymes and genes |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/16508.pdf |
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