Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study
Recent studies have suggested an association between iritis or uveitis and glaucoma. This study investigated the causal relationship between glaucoma and iritis and uveitis as exposures in a multi-ethnic population. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with exposures to iritis and uveitis from...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/3/642 |
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| author | Je Hyun Seo Young Lee |
| author_facet | Je Hyun Seo Young Lee |
| author_sort | Je Hyun Seo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent studies have suggested an association between iritis or uveitis and glaucoma. This study investigated the causal relationship between glaucoma and iritis and uveitis as exposures in a multi-ethnic population. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with exposures to iritis and uveitis from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of Biobank Japan (BBJ) and the meta-analysis data from BBJ and UK Biobank (UKB) were used as instrumental variables (IVs). The GWAS dataset for glaucoma was extracted from the meta-analysis data (<i>n</i> = 240,302) of Genetic Epidemiology Research in Adult Health and Aging and UKB. The casual estimates were assessed with a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) test using the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, weighted median method, MR–Egger method, and MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier test. The IVW method revealed a significant causal association between iritis and glaucoma using IVs (<i>p</i> < 5.0 ×<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo> </mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) from the East Asian population (<i>n</i> = 2) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.017), a significant association between iritis exposures (<i>p</i> < 5.0 × <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) in the multi-ethnic population (<i>n</i> = 11) (OR = 1.04, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and a significant causal association between uveitis exposures (<i>n</i> = 10 with <i>p</i> < 5.0 ×<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo> </mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and glaucoma in the multi-ethnic population (OR = 1.04, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Iritis and uveitis had causal effects on glaucoma risk based on IVs from the multi-ethnic population. These findings imply that the current classifications of uveitic glaucoma and open-angle glaucoma overlap, indicating the need for further investigating these complex relationships. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cb8176912ca04538b4a1c46d2b1ec3ef2023-11-17T11:17:25ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-03-0114364210.3390/genes14030642Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation StudyJe Hyun Seo0Young Lee1Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of KoreaVeterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of KoreaRecent studies have suggested an association between iritis or uveitis and glaucoma. This study investigated the causal relationship between glaucoma and iritis and uveitis as exposures in a multi-ethnic population. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with exposures to iritis and uveitis from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of Biobank Japan (BBJ) and the meta-analysis data from BBJ and UK Biobank (UKB) were used as instrumental variables (IVs). The GWAS dataset for glaucoma was extracted from the meta-analysis data (<i>n</i> = 240,302) of Genetic Epidemiology Research in Adult Health and Aging and UKB. The casual estimates were assessed with a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) test using the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, weighted median method, MR–Egger method, and MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier test. The IVW method revealed a significant causal association between iritis and glaucoma using IVs (<i>p</i> < 5.0 ×<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo> </mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) from the East Asian population (<i>n</i> = 2) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.017), a significant association between iritis exposures (<i>p</i> < 5.0 × <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) in the multi-ethnic population (<i>n</i> = 11) (OR = 1.04, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and a significant causal association between uveitis exposures (<i>n</i> = 10 with <i>p</i> < 5.0 ×<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo> </mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and glaucoma in the multi-ethnic population (OR = 1.04, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Iritis and uveitis had causal effects on glaucoma risk based on IVs from the multi-ethnic population. These findings imply that the current classifications of uveitic glaucoma and open-angle glaucoma overlap, indicating the need for further investigating these complex relationships.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/3/642glaucomaMendelian randomisationiritisuveitissingle-nucleotide polymorphisms |
| spellingShingle | Je Hyun Seo Young Lee Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study Genes glaucoma Mendelian randomisation iritis uveitis single-nucleotide polymorphisms |
| title | Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study |
| title_full | Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study |
| title_fullStr | Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study |
| title_short | Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study |
| title_sort | causal association between iritis or uveitis and glaucoma a two sample mendelian randomisation study |
| topic | glaucoma Mendelian randomisation iritis uveitis single-nucleotide polymorphisms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/3/642 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jehyunseo causalassociationbetweeniritisoruveitisandglaucomaatwosamplemendelianrandomisationstudy AT younglee causalassociationbetweeniritisoruveitisandglaucomaatwosamplemendelianrandomisationstudy |