Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines
The pyogenic streptococci group includes pathogenic species for humans and other animals and has been associated with enduring morbidity and high mortality. The main reason for the treatment failure of streptococcal infections is the increased resistance to antibiotics. In recent years, infectious d...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-10-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.579916/full |
| _version_ | 1811324763064238080 |
|---|---|
| author | Cinthia Alves-Barroco Lorenzo Rivas-García Lorenzo Rivas-García Alexandra R. Fernandes Pedro Viana Baptista |
| author_facet | Cinthia Alves-Barroco Lorenzo Rivas-García Lorenzo Rivas-García Alexandra R. Fernandes Pedro Viana Baptista |
| author_sort | Cinthia Alves-Barroco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The pyogenic streptococci group includes pathogenic species for humans and other animals and has been associated with enduring morbidity and high mortality. The main reason for the treatment failure of streptococcal infections is the increased resistance to antibiotics. In recent years, infectious diseases caused by pyogenic streptococci resistant to multiple antibiotics have been raising with a significant impact to public health and veterinary industry. The rise of antibiotic-resistant streptococci has been associated to diverse mechanisms, such as efflux pumps and modifications of the antimicrobial target. Among streptococci, antibiotic resistance emerges from previously sensitive populations as result of horizontal gene transfer or chromosomal point mutations due to excessive use of antimicrobials. Streptococci strains are also recognized as biofilm producers. The increased resistance of biofilms to antibiotics among streptococci promote persistent infection, which comprise circa 80% of microbial infections in humans. Therefore, to overcome drug resistance, new strategies, including new antibacterial and antibiofilm agents, have been studied. Interestingly, the use of systems based on nanoparticles have been applied to tackle infection and reduce the emergence of drug resistance. Herein, we present a synopsis of mechanisms associated to drug resistance in (pyogenic) streptococci and discuss some innovative strategies as alternative to conventional antibiotics, such as bacteriocins, bacteriophage, and phage lysins, and metal nanoparticles. We shall provide focused discussion on the advantages and limitations of agents considering application, efficacy and safety in the context of impact to the host and evolution of bacterial resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T14:21:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cb848c71222249158488d9d3e9be7751 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T14:21:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb848c71222249158488d9d3e9be77512022-12-22T02:43:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2020-10-011110.3389/fmicb.2020.579916579916Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to NanomedicinesCinthia Alves-Barroco0Lorenzo Rivas-García1Lorenzo Rivas-García2Alexandra R. Fernandes3Pedro Viana Baptista4UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, PortugalUCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, PortugalBiomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, SpainUCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, PortugalUCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, PortugalThe pyogenic streptococci group includes pathogenic species for humans and other animals and has been associated with enduring morbidity and high mortality. The main reason for the treatment failure of streptococcal infections is the increased resistance to antibiotics. In recent years, infectious diseases caused by pyogenic streptococci resistant to multiple antibiotics have been raising with a significant impact to public health and veterinary industry. The rise of antibiotic-resistant streptococci has been associated to diverse mechanisms, such as efflux pumps and modifications of the antimicrobial target. Among streptococci, antibiotic resistance emerges from previously sensitive populations as result of horizontal gene transfer or chromosomal point mutations due to excessive use of antimicrobials. Streptococci strains are also recognized as biofilm producers. The increased resistance of biofilms to antibiotics among streptococci promote persistent infection, which comprise circa 80% of microbial infections in humans. Therefore, to overcome drug resistance, new strategies, including new antibacterial and antibiofilm agents, have been studied. Interestingly, the use of systems based on nanoparticles have been applied to tackle infection and reduce the emergence of drug resistance. Herein, we present a synopsis of mechanisms associated to drug resistance in (pyogenic) streptococci and discuss some innovative strategies as alternative to conventional antibiotics, such as bacteriocins, bacteriophage, and phage lysins, and metal nanoparticles. We shall provide focused discussion on the advantages and limitations of agents considering application, efficacy and safety in the context of impact to the host and evolution of bacterial resistance.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.579916/fullantimicrobial resistancebiofilmspyogenic streptococcibacteriocinsbacteriophagenanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Cinthia Alves-Barroco Lorenzo Rivas-García Lorenzo Rivas-García Alexandra R. Fernandes Pedro Viana Baptista Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines Frontiers in Microbiology antimicrobial resistance biofilms pyogenic streptococci bacteriocins bacteriophage nanoparticles |
| title | Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines |
| title_full | Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines |
| title_fullStr | Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines |
| title_short | Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci – From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines |
| title_sort | tackling multidrug resistance in streptococci from novel biotherapeutic strategies to nanomedicines |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance biofilms pyogenic streptococci bacteriocins bacteriophage nanoparticles |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.579916/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cinthiaalvesbarroco tacklingmultidrugresistanceinstreptococcifromnovelbiotherapeuticstrategiestonanomedicines AT lorenzorivasgarcia tacklingmultidrugresistanceinstreptococcifromnovelbiotherapeuticstrategiestonanomedicines AT lorenzorivasgarcia tacklingmultidrugresistanceinstreptococcifromnovelbiotherapeuticstrategiestonanomedicines AT alexandrarfernandes tacklingmultidrugresistanceinstreptococcifromnovelbiotherapeuticstrategiestonanomedicines AT pedrovianabaptista tacklingmultidrugresistanceinstreptococcifromnovelbiotherapeuticstrategiestonanomedicines |