Low-Threshold and Wavelength-Tunable InGaN Tubular WGM Laser Embedded in a Flexible Substrate

We have fabricated a tubular whispering gallery mode laser based on InGaN/GaN quantum wells and transferred it onto a flexible substrate. Compared with those without the transferring processes, the threshold energy density was reduced by 60%, at about 25.55 µJ/cm<sup>2</sup>, while a hig...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Peng Hu, Yufeng Li, Shengnan Zhang, Ye Zhang, Zhenhuan Tian, Feng Yun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-10-01
Series:Crystals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/10/1251
Description
Summary:We have fabricated a tubular whispering gallery mode laser based on InGaN/GaN quantum wells and transferred it onto a flexible substrate. Compared with those without the transferring processes, the threshold energy density was reduced by 60%, at about 25.55 µJ/cm<sup>2</sup>, while a high-quality factor of >15,000 was obtained. Finite-difference time-domain simulation demonstrated that such a low threshold energy density can be attributed to the decreased mode volume, from 1.32 × 10<sup>−3</sup> μm<sup>3</sup> to 6.92 × 10<sup>−4</sup> μm<sup>3</sup>. The wavelength dependences on strain were found to be 5.83 nm, 1.38 nm, and 2.39 nm per stretching unit ε in the X, Y, and Z directions, respectively. Such strain sensitivity was attributed to the deformation of the GaN microtube and the change in the refractive index of the PDMS.
ISSN:2073-4352