Osteoclast Multinucleation: Review of Current Literature
Multinucleation is a hallmark of osteoclast maturation. The unique and dynamic multinucleation process not only increases cell size but causes functional alterations through reconstruction of the cytoskeleton, creating the actin ring and ruffled border that enable bone resorption. Our understanding...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/16/5685 |
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| author | Joe Kodama Takashi Kaito |
| author_facet | Joe Kodama Takashi Kaito |
| author_sort | Joe Kodama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multinucleation is a hallmark of osteoclast maturation. The unique and dynamic multinucleation process not only increases cell size but causes functional alterations through reconstruction of the cytoskeleton, creating the actin ring and ruffled border that enable bone resorption. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoclast multinucleation has advanced considerably in this century, especially since the identification of DC-STAMP and OC-STAMP as “master fusogens”. Regarding the molecules and pathways surrounding these STAMPs, however, only limited progress has been made due to the absence of their ligands. Various molecules and mechanisms other than the STAMPs are involved in osteoclast multinucleation. In addition, several preclinical studies have explored chemicals that may be able to target osteoclast multinucleation, which could enable us to control pathogenic bone metabolism more precisely. In this review, we will focus on recent discoveries regarding the STAMPs and other molecules involved in osteoclast multinucleation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:46:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cbb3e914064547079d67127f70ecbf06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:46:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cbb3e914064547079d67127f70ecbf062023-11-20T09:32:05ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-08-012116568510.3390/ijms21165685Osteoclast Multinucleation: Review of Current LiteratureJoe Kodama0Takashi Kaito1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, JapanDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, JapanMultinucleation is a hallmark of osteoclast maturation. The unique and dynamic multinucleation process not only increases cell size but causes functional alterations through reconstruction of the cytoskeleton, creating the actin ring and ruffled border that enable bone resorption. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoclast multinucleation has advanced considerably in this century, especially since the identification of DC-STAMP and OC-STAMP as “master fusogens”. Regarding the molecules and pathways surrounding these STAMPs, however, only limited progress has been made due to the absence of their ligands. Various molecules and mechanisms other than the STAMPs are involved in osteoclast multinucleation. In addition, several preclinical studies have explored chemicals that may be able to target osteoclast multinucleation, which could enable us to control pathogenic bone metabolism more precisely. In this review, we will focus on recent discoveries regarding the STAMPs and other molecules involved in osteoclast multinucleation.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/16/5685osteoclast multinucleationDC-STAMPOC-STAMPOSCARFcRγSiglec-15 |
| spellingShingle | Joe Kodama Takashi Kaito Osteoclast Multinucleation: Review of Current Literature International Journal of Molecular Sciences osteoclast multinucleation DC-STAMP OC-STAMP OSCAR FcRγ Siglec-15 |
| title | Osteoclast Multinucleation: Review of Current Literature |
| title_full | Osteoclast Multinucleation: Review of Current Literature |
| title_fullStr | Osteoclast Multinucleation: Review of Current Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Osteoclast Multinucleation: Review of Current Literature |
| title_short | Osteoclast Multinucleation: Review of Current Literature |
| title_sort | osteoclast multinucleation review of current literature |
| topic | osteoclast multinucleation DC-STAMP OC-STAMP OSCAR FcRγ Siglec-15 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/16/5685 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joekodama osteoclastmultinucleationreviewofcurrentliterature AT takashikaito osteoclastmultinucleationreviewofcurrentliterature |