Development of Eco-Friendly and Self-Cleaning Lime-Pozzolan Plasters for Bio-Construction and Cultural Heritage
Nowadays, the design and use of multi-functional mortars has increased significantly, with interesting applications in the green building and cultural heritage conservation sectors. A key point for a correct adoption of these innovative materials is their behavior along time and their resistance to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Buildings |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/10/10/172 |
| _version_ | 1797552377982615552 |
|---|---|
| author | Federica Fernandez Silvia Germinario Roberta Basile Roberta Montagno Kali Kapetanaki Konstantinos Gobakis Dionysia Kolokotsa Anna Maria Lagou Panagiota Dania Maria Teresa Enna Maria Mangiapane Pagona-Noni Maravelaki |
| author_facet | Federica Fernandez Silvia Germinario Roberta Basile Roberta Montagno Kali Kapetanaki Konstantinos Gobakis Dionysia Kolokotsa Anna Maria Lagou Panagiota Dania Maria Teresa Enna Maria Mangiapane Pagona-Noni Maravelaki |
| author_sort | Federica Fernandez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nowadays, the design and use of multi-functional mortars has increased significantly, with interesting applications in the green building and cultural heritage conservation sectors. A key point for a correct adoption of these innovative materials is their behavior along time and their resistance to the weathering. The objective of this project was to define the <i>performance</i> and <i>durability</i> of innovative mortars, in order to use them correctly and to avoid irreparable damage over time. For the development of this project, lime–metakaolin and hydraulic lime–metakaolin based mortars (hereinafter called A, B), as well as A and B with the addition of nano-TiO<sub>2</sub> and perlite (hereinafter referred to as A+, B+), have been tested. The focus of the work was to carry out preliminary tests to evaluate the performance and durability characteristics of these mortars, verifying their behavior over time through exposure to artificial aging cycles, including thermal shock cycles in saline solution aerosols, freeze cycles in vapor aerosol, and aging by heat treatment at high temperatures. Before and after each artificial aging cycle, weight measurements, and macroscopic and microscopic observations were performed in order to evaluate possible structural changes. The characteristics of the mortars were assessed by determination of the apparent volume mass, mechanical properties, such as compressive and bending strength, water absorption, whereas their self-cleaning capacity was measured by methylene blue degradation test under UV and solar irradiation. The results obtained show degradation effects in the mortar samples due to aging after each test, and indicated that mortars with perlite and nano-TiO<sub>2</sub> are the best-performing ones, both from the durability and energetic point of view, rendering them suitable for applications in the green building sector and the conservation of cultural heritage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:00:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cbc39f4e135d49f58be21a0bd12adf8a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:00:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj.art-cbc39f4e135d49f58be21a0bd12adf8a2023-11-20T15:22:29ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092020-09-01101017210.3390/buildings10100172Development of Eco-Friendly and Self-Cleaning Lime-Pozzolan Plasters for Bio-Construction and Cultural HeritageFederica Fernandez0Silvia Germinario1Roberta Basile2Roberta Montagno3Kali Kapetanaki4Konstantinos Gobakis5Dionysia Kolokotsa6Anna Maria Lagou7Panagiota Dania8Maria Teresa Enna9Maria Mangiapane10Pagona-Noni Maravelaki11Department of Nanotechnologies and Innovative Materials, Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, 20-90139 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Nanotechnologies and Innovative Materials, Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, 20-90139 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Nanotechnologies and Innovative Materials, Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, 20-90139 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Nanotechnologies and Innovative Materials, Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, 20-90139 Palermo, ItalyLaboratory of Materials for Cultural Heritage and Modern Building, School of Architecture, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, GreeceLaboratory of Materials for Cultural Heritage and Modern Building, School of Architecture, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, GreeceLaboratory of Energy Management in the Built Environment, School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, GreeceLaboratory of Materials for Cultural Heritage and Modern Building, School of Architecture, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, GreeceLaboratory of Materials for Cultural Heritage and Modern Building, School of Architecture, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, GreeceDepartment of Renewable Energy, Resource Efficiency and Aerospace Research, Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, 20-90139 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Renewable Energy, Resource Efficiency and Aerospace Research, Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, 20-90139 Palermo, ItalyLaboratory of Materials for Cultural Heritage and Modern Building, School of Architecture, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, GreeceNowadays, the design and use of multi-functional mortars has increased significantly, with interesting applications in the green building and cultural heritage conservation sectors. A key point for a correct adoption of these innovative materials is their behavior along time and their resistance to the weathering. The objective of this project was to define the <i>performance</i> and <i>durability</i> of innovative mortars, in order to use them correctly and to avoid irreparable damage over time. For the development of this project, lime–metakaolin and hydraulic lime–metakaolin based mortars (hereinafter called A, B), as well as A and B with the addition of nano-TiO<sub>2</sub> and perlite (hereinafter referred to as A+, B+), have been tested. The focus of the work was to carry out preliminary tests to evaluate the performance and durability characteristics of these mortars, verifying their behavior over time through exposure to artificial aging cycles, including thermal shock cycles in saline solution aerosols, freeze cycles in vapor aerosol, and aging by heat treatment at high temperatures. Before and after each artificial aging cycle, weight measurements, and macroscopic and microscopic observations were performed in order to evaluate possible structural changes. The characteristics of the mortars were assessed by determination of the apparent volume mass, mechanical properties, such as compressive and bending strength, water absorption, whereas their self-cleaning capacity was measured by methylene blue degradation test under UV and solar irradiation. The results obtained show degradation effects in the mortar samples due to aging after each test, and indicated that mortars with perlite and nano-TiO<sub>2</sub> are the best-performing ones, both from the durability and energetic point of view, rendering them suitable for applications in the green building sector and the conservation of cultural heritage.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/10/10/172energy efficient mortarsphotocatalyticcultural heritagebio architecturenano-titanium dioxideartificial ageing |
| spellingShingle | Federica Fernandez Silvia Germinario Roberta Basile Roberta Montagno Kali Kapetanaki Konstantinos Gobakis Dionysia Kolokotsa Anna Maria Lagou Panagiota Dania Maria Teresa Enna Maria Mangiapane Pagona-Noni Maravelaki Development of Eco-Friendly and Self-Cleaning Lime-Pozzolan Plasters for Bio-Construction and Cultural Heritage Buildings energy efficient mortars photocatalytic cultural heritage bio architecture nano-titanium dioxide artificial ageing |
| title | Development of Eco-Friendly and Self-Cleaning Lime-Pozzolan Plasters for Bio-Construction and Cultural Heritage |
| title_full | Development of Eco-Friendly and Self-Cleaning Lime-Pozzolan Plasters for Bio-Construction and Cultural Heritage |
| title_fullStr | Development of Eco-Friendly and Self-Cleaning Lime-Pozzolan Plasters for Bio-Construction and Cultural Heritage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Eco-Friendly and Self-Cleaning Lime-Pozzolan Plasters for Bio-Construction and Cultural Heritage |
| title_short | Development of Eco-Friendly and Self-Cleaning Lime-Pozzolan Plasters for Bio-Construction and Cultural Heritage |
| title_sort | development of eco friendly and self cleaning lime pozzolan plasters for bio construction and cultural heritage |
| topic | energy efficient mortars photocatalytic cultural heritage bio architecture nano-titanium dioxide artificial ageing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/10/10/172 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT federicafernandez developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT silviagerminario developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT robertabasile developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT robertamontagno developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT kalikapetanaki developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT konstantinosgobakis developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT dionysiakolokotsa developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT annamarialagou developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT panagiotadania developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT mariateresaenna developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT mariamangiapane developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage AT pagonanonimaravelaki developmentofecofriendlyandselfcleaninglimepozzolanplastersforbioconstructionandculturalheritage |