Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Potential Risk Factors in Bone Loss
Iron is one of the essential mineral elements for the human body and this nutrient deficiency is a worldwide public health problem. Iron is essential in oxygen transport, participates in many enzyme systems in the body, and is an important trace element in maintaining basic cellular life activities....
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/6891 |
| _version_ | 1797605254941900800 |
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| author | Jiancheng Yang Qingmei Li Yan Feng Yuhong Zeng |
| author_facet | Jiancheng Yang Qingmei Li Yan Feng Yuhong Zeng |
| author_sort | Jiancheng Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Iron is one of the essential mineral elements for the human body and this nutrient deficiency is a worldwide public health problem. Iron is essential in oxygen transport, participates in many enzyme systems in the body, and is an important trace element in maintaining basic cellular life activities. Iron also plays an important role in collagen synthesis and vitamin D metabolism. Therefore, decrease in intracellular iron can lead to disturbance in the activity and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, resulting in imbalance in bone homeostasis and ultimately bone loss. Indeed, iron deficiency, with or without anemia, leads to osteopenia or osteoporosis, which has been revealed by numerous clinical observations and animal studies. This review presents current knowledge on iron metabolism under iron deficiency states and the diagnosis and prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA). With emphasis, studies related to iron deficiency and bone loss are discussed, and the potential mechanisms of iron deficiency leading to bone loss are analyzed. Finally, several measures to promote complete recovery and prevention of iron deficiency are listed to improve quality of life, including bone health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:58:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cbca6a5e11a94fb99b6e2bfba5226160 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:58:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cbca6a5e11a94fb99b6e2bfba52261602023-11-17T19:32:01ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-04-01248689110.3390/ijms24086891Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Potential Risk Factors in Bone LossJiancheng Yang0Qingmei Li1Yan Feng2Yuhong Zeng3Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaDepartment of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaDepartment of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaDepartment of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, ChinaIron is one of the essential mineral elements for the human body and this nutrient deficiency is a worldwide public health problem. Iron is essential in oxygen transport, participates in many enzyme systems in the body, and is an important trace element in maintaining basic cellular life activities. Iron also plays an important role in collagen synthesis and vitamin D metabolism. Therefore, decrease in intracellular iron can lead to disturbance in the activity and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, resulting in imbalance in bone homeostasis and ultimately bone loss. Indeed, iron deficiency, with or without anemia, leads to osteopenia or osteoporosis, which has been revealed by numerous clinical observations and animal studies. This review presents current knowledge on iron metabolism under iron deficiency states and the diagnosis and prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA). With emphasis, studies related to iron deficiency and bone loss are discussed, and the potential mechanisms of iron deficiency leading to bone loss are analyzed. Finally, several measures to promote complete recovery and prevention of iron deficiency are listed to improve quality of life, including bone health.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/6891iron deficiencyanemiairon metabolismosteoblastosteoclastosteoporosis |
| spellingShingle | Jiancheng Yang Qingmei Li Yan Feng Yuhong Zeng Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Potential Risk Factors in Bone Loss International Journal of Molecular Sciences iron deficiency anemia iron metabolism osteoblast osteoclast osteoporosis |
| title | Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Potential Risk Factors in Bone Loss |
| title_full | Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Potential Risk Factors in Bone Loss |
| title_fullStr | Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Potential Risk Factors in Bone Loss |
| title_full_unstemmed | Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Potential Risk Factors in Bone Loss |
| title_short | Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Potential Risk Factors in Bone Loss |
| title_sort | iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia potential risk factors in bone loss |
| topic | iron deficiency anemia iron metabolism osteoblast osteoclast osteoporosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/6891 |
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