Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Copper–Tungsten Composites Produced via Ball Milling of Metal Flakes
Copper–tungsten (Cu-W) composites are widely used in high-power and -temperature electrical applications. The combination of these metals, however, leads to compromised physical and electrical properties. Herein, we produce Cu-W-graphene oxide (Cu-W-GO) composites to address this challenge. To ensur...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/21/7736 |
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| author | Fei Lin Ruoyu Xu Mingyu Zhou Robert J. Young Ian A. Kinloch Yi Ding |
| author_facet | Fei Lin Ruoyu Xu Mingyu Zhou Robert J. Young Ian A. Kinloch Yi Ding |
| author_sort | Fei Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Copper–tungsten (Cu-W) composites are widely used in high-power and -temperature electrical applications. The combination of these metals, however, leads to compromised physical and electrical properties. Herein, we produce Cu-W-graphene oxide (Cu-W-GO) composites to address this challenge. To ensure uniform density composites, the as-received metal powders were flattened into a flake morphology by ball milling and then mixed with up to 0.5 wt.% GO flakes. The green forms were processed using spark plasma sintering. The GO was found to be well-dispersed amongst the metallic phases in the final composite. The addition of GO reduced the relative density of the composites slightly (4.7% decrease in relative density at 0.5 wt% GO loading for the composites processed at 1000 °C). X-ray diffraction confirmed good phase purity and that no carbide phases were produced. GO was found to improve the mechanical properties of the Cu-W, with an optimal loading of 0.1 wt.% GO found for ultimate compression strength and strain to failure, and 0.3 wt.% optimal loading for the 0.2% offset yield strength. Significantly, the electrical conductivity increased by up to 25% with the addition of 0.1 wt.% GO but decreased with higher GO loadings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:53:12Z |
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| id | doaj.art-cbcb30dea69f41f4bc7dd7a1e605cd40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:53:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cbcb30dea69f41f4bc7dd7a1e605cd402023-11-24T05:40:00ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-11-011521773610.3390/ma15217736Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Copper–Tungsten Composites Produced via Ball Milling of Metal FlakesFei Lin0Ruoyu Xu1Mingyu Zhou2Robert J. Young3Ian A. Kinloch4Yi Ding5Department of Materials, National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of High-End Electrical Material, Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Europe GmbH, 10623 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of High-End Electrical Material, Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Europe GmbH, 10623 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Materials, National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Materials, National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKState Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology, Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102209, ChinaCopper–tungsten (Cu-W) composites are widely used in high-power and -temperature electrical applications. The combination of these metals, however, leads to compromised physical and electrical properties. Herein, we produce Cu-W-graphene oxide (Cu-W-GO) composites to address this challenge. To ensure uniform density composites, the as-received metal powders were flattened into a flake morphology by ball milling and then mixed with up to 0.5 wt.% GO flakes. The green forms were processed using spark plasma sintering. The GO was found to be well-dispersed amongst the metallic phases in the final composite. The addition of GO reduced the relative density of the composites slightly (4.7% decrease in relative density at 0.5 wt% GO loading for the composites processed at 1000 °C). X-ray diffraction confirmed good phase purity and that no carbide phases were produced. GO was found to improve the mechanical properties of the Cu-W, with an optimal loading of 0.1 wt.% GO found for ultimate compression strength and strain to failure, and 0.3 wt.% optimal loading for the 0.2% offset yield strength. Significantly, the electrical conductivity increased by up to 25% with the addition of 0.1 wt.% GO but decreased with higher GO loadings.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/21/7736nanomaterialsmetal matrix compositesmechanical testingelectrical conductivity |
| spellingShingle | Fei Lin Ruoyu Xu Mingyu Zhou Robert J. Young Ian A. Kinloch Yi Ding Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Copper–Tungsten Composites Produced via Ball Milling of Metal Flakes Materials nanomaterials metal matrix composites mechanical testing electrical conductivity |
| title | Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Copper–Tungsten Composites Produced via Ball Milling of Metal Flakes |
| title_full | Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Copper–Tungsten Composites Produced via Ball Milling of Metal Flakes |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Copper–Tungsten Composites Produced via Ball Milling of Metal Flakes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Copper–Tungsten Composites Produced via Ball Milling of Metal Flakes |
| title_short | Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Copper–Tungsten Composites Produced via Ball Milling of Metal Flakes |
| title_sort | mechanical and electrical properties of graphene oxide reinforced copper tungsten composites produced via ball milling of metal flakes |
| topic | nanomaterials metal matrix composites mechanical testing electrical conductivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/21/7736 |
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